Version 8.92 (2008-03-17)
Copyright © 2007, 2008 Red Hat, Inc. and others
This document is released under the terms of the Open Publication License. For more details, read the full legalnotice in Section 3, “Legal Notice”.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. Visit http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ to view the latest release notes for Fedora Core. |
Revision History | ||
---|---|---|
Revision 8.92 | 2008-03-17 | fdp |
Release notes for F9 Preview Release |
The Fedora Project is a Red Hat sponsored and community supported open source project. Its goal is the rapid progress of free and open source software and content. The Fedora Project makes use of public forums, open processes, rapid innovation, meritocracy, and transparency in pursuit of the best operating system and platform that free and open source software can provide.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
![]() |
Older Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
If you are migrating from a release of Fedora older than the immediately previous one, you should refer to older Release Notes for additional information. You can find older Release Notes at http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/. |
You can help the Fedora Project community continue to improve Fedora if you file bug reports and enhancement requests. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugsAndFeatureRequests for more information about bugs. Thank you for your participation.
To find out more general information about Fedora, refer to the following Web pages:
Fedora Overview
Fedora FAQ
Help and Discussions
Participate in the Fedora Project
![]() |
Document Links |
---|---|
Many links may not work properly from within the installation environment, due to resource constraints. The release notes are also available post-installation as part of the desktop Web browser's default home page. If you are connected to the internet, use these links to find other helpful information about Fedora and the community that creates and supports it. |
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
You can find a tour filled with pictures and videos of this exciting new release at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Tours/Fedora9.
This release includes significant new versions of many key components and technologies. The following sections provide a brief overview of major changes from the last release of Fedora.
Fedora includes several different
spins,
which are variations of Fedora built from a specific set of
software packages. Each spin has a combination of software to
meet the requirements of a specific kind of end user. In
addition to a very small boot.iso
image for
network installation, users have the following spin choices:
A regular Fedora image for desktops, workstations, and server users. This spin provides a good upgrade path and similar environment for users of previous releases of Fedora.
One of several Live images that can be run from a disc or USB flash device, and can be installed to hard disk as desired. Refer to the "Live" section for more information about the Live images.
More custom spins are available at http://spins.fedoraproject.org. These Live images can be used on USB media via the livecd-iso-to-disk utility available in the livecd-tools package.
Fedora releases are also available via Jigdo. This distribution method can improve the speed of obtaining the installation ISO images. Instead of waiting for torrent downloads to complete, Jigdo seeks the fastest mirrors it can find via the Fedora Project Mirror Manager infrastructure, and downloads the bits it needs from these mirrors. To optimize seeking these bits, you can tell Jigdo to scan a DVD or CD you already have, and cut down on redundant downloads. This feature becomes particularly useful if you:
Download all the test releases and then get the final release, in which case you have 90% of the data already with each subsequent download.
Download both the DVD and the CD set, in which case the DVD holds 95% of the data needed for the CD sets.
Download any combination of the above.
This release features GNOME 2.22. GNOME now includes a webcam photo and video creation utility called Cheese, improved network filesystem support, a new international clock applet, Google Calendar support and custom email labels in Evolution, a new Remote Desktop Viewer, improved accessibility features, and PolicyKit integration.
Online Desktop provides a desktop experience designed around online services. A preview of Online Desktop is provided via BigBoard, which is a optional sidebar in GNOME.
KDE 4.0.2 is available in the KDE Live image as well as the regular DVD.
Xfce 4.4.2 is available as part of this release.
NetworkManager 0.7 provides improved mobile broadband support, including GSM and CDMA devices, and now supports multiple devices and ad-hoc networking for sharing connections.
PulseAudio is now installed and enabled by default. PulseAudio is an advanced sound server compatible with nearly all existing Linux sound systems. PulseAudio allows for hot-switching audio outputs, individual volume controls for each audio stream, networked audio, and more.
Compiz, the compositing window manager that brings eye candy and usability improvements to the desktop, is installed by default, and is easily enabled by both GNOME and KDE users via the → → tool from the Fedora team. While Compiz is not yet robust or mature enough to be enabled by default, ongoing, long term X.Org work by Fedora developers continues. The expectation is that Fedora is going to enable Compiz by default in the next release.
Compiz Fusion, which re-merges Compiz and Beryl, is also available in the Fedora software repository. Users can easily install Compiz Fusion via → tool or with yum.
The Fedora installer, Anaconda,
now supports independent locations for the second stage
installer and the software packages. A redesigned, larger
boot.iso
image now features a second
stage installer partly for this reason.
The completely free and open source Java environment OpenJDK 6 is installed by default. IcedTea 7, derived from OpenJDK 1.7, is no longer the default. IcedTea includes a browser plugin based on GCJ, and is available for both x86 and x86_64 architectures. GCJ is still the default on PPC architecture.
OpenOffice.org 2.4, with many new features, is available as part of Fedora 9.
Bluetooth devices and tools now have better graphical and system integration.
Laptop users benefit from the "quirks" feature in HAL, including better suspend/resume and multimedia keyboard support.
The swfdec
package, which decodes and
renders Flash animations and videos, is now installed by
default. However, many videos require additional codec
support. Refer to
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/AdditionalCodecs
for more information.
Fedora now includes Perl 5.10.0, which features a smaller memory footprint and other improvements.
Eclipse 3.3.1 is available as part of this release.
PackageKit, a new set of graphical and console tools for cross-distribution software management, is installed by default in this release of Fedora. The PackageKit graphical updater is also installed by default, instead of Pup. Behind PackageKit , the performance of yum has been significantly improved. Pup and Pirut are still available in the software repositories for users that prefer them.
Transifex provides a web-based translation interface to allow users to contribute translation work for Fedora hosted projects as well as being able to provide translations directly to any upstream project.
Fedora now offers easier rebranding of Fedora derivatives via a generic-logos software package. Changes in Fedora's mirror structure also make creation of derivatives easier.
The pam_console
module usage has been
removed in favor of access control via HAL, which modernizes
the desktop.
Input methods can now be started and stopped dynamically in the GNOME desktop.
This release of Fedora uses
Upstart, an event-based
replacement for the /sbin/init
daemon.
Fedora now includes TeXLive to replace the older, unmaintained TeX distribution.
Fedora 9 features a 2.6.24 based kernel.
Work on the start-up and shutdown in X has yielded noticeable improvements.
The proposed plans for the next release of Fedora are available at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/RoadMap.
Copyright (c) 2007 by Red Hat, Inc. and others. This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0, available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/.
The Fedora Art Project created the admonition graphics (note, tip, important, caution,
and warning). Tommy Reynolds <Tommy.Reynolds@MegaCoder.com>
created the callout graphics. They all may be freely redistributed with
documentation produced for the Fedora Project.
FEDORA, FEDORA PROJECT, and the Fedora Logo are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., are registered or pending registration in the U.S. and other countries, and are used here under license to the Fedora Project.
Red Hat and the Red Hat "Shadow Man" logo are registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc. in the United States and other countries.
All other trademarks and copyrights referred to are the property of their respective owners.
Documentation, as with software itself, may be subject to export control. Read about Fedora Project export controls at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Export.
Thank you for taking the time to provide your comments, suggestions, and bug reports to the Fedora community. By doing so, you help improve the state of Fedora, Linux, and free software worldwide.
To provide feedback on Fedora software or other system elements, please refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugsAndFeatureRequests. A list of commonly reported bugs and known issues for this release is available from http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/F9Common.
![]() |
Feedback for Release Notes Only |
---|---|
This section concerns feedback on the release notes themselves. |
If you feel these release notes could be improved in any way, you can provide your feedback directly to the beat writers. Here are several ways to do so, in order of preference:
If you have a Fedora account, edit content directly at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats.
Fill out a bug request using this template: http://tinyurl.com/nej3u - This link is ONLY for feedback on the release notes themselves. Refer to the admonition above for details.
Email relnotes@fedoraproject.org.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
![]() |
Fedora Installation Guide |
---|---|
To learn how to install Fedora, refer to http://docs.fedoraproject.org/install-guide/. |
![]() |
Installation issues not covered in these release notes |
---|---|
If you encounter a problem or have a question during installation that is not covered in these relese notes, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FAQ and http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/Common. |
Anaconda is the name of the Fedora installer. This section outlines issues related to Anaconda and installing Fedora 9.
![]() |
Downloading Large Files |
---|---|
If you intend to download the Fedora DVD ISO image, keep in mind that not all file downloading tools can accommodate files larger than 2 GiB in size. Tools without this limitation include wget 1.9.1-16 and above, curl, and ncftpget. BitTorrent is another method for downloading large files. For information about obtaining and using the torrent file, refer to http://torrent.fedoraproject.org/. |
Anaconda tests the integrity of installation media by default. This function works with the CD, DVD, hard drive ISO, and NFS ISO installation methods. The Fedora Project recommends that you test all installation media before starting the installation process and before reporting any installation-related bugs. Many of the bugs reported are actually due to improperly-burned CDs or DVDs.
The mediacheck function is highly sensitive, and
may report some usable discs as faulty. This result is often caused
by disc writing software that does not include padding when creating
discs from ISO files. To use this test, at boot time hit any key to
enter the menu. Then press the Tab key, add the
option mediacheck
to the parameter list, and press
Enter.
After you complete the mediacheck function
successfully, reboot to return the system to its normal state. On
many systems, this results in a faster installation process from the
disc. You may skip the mediacheck
option when
rebooting.
![]() |
BitTorrent Automatically Verifies File Integrity |
---|---|
If you use BitTorrent, any files you download are automatically validated. If your file completes downloading, you do not need to check it. Once you burn your CD or DVD, however, you should still use mediacheck to test the integrity of the media. |
To perform memory testing before you install Fedora, press any key to enter the boot menu, then select Memtest86 stand alone memory testing software in place of Anaconda. Memtest86 memory testing continues until you press the Esc key.
. This option runs the![]() |
Memtest86 Availability |
---|---|
You must boot from Installation Disc 1, the DVD, or a rescue CD in order to use this feature. |
Fedora 9 supports graphical FTP and HTTP installations. However, the
installer image must either fit in RAM or appear on local storage,
such as Installation Disc 1. Therefore, only systems with more than
192MiB of RAM, or which boot from Installation Disc 1, can use the
graphical installer. Systems with 192MiB RAM or less fall back to
using the text-based installer automatically. If you prefer to use
the text-based installer, type linux text at the
boot:
prompt.
Built-in features for resizing ext2, ext3, and ntfs partitions.
Encrypted partition support.
Consolidated network booting ISO image, replacing old
boot.iso
,
diskboot.img
, and
rescuecd.iso
.
Second stage installer location now independent of software package location.
Experimental support for installing to
ext4
partitions, with the iamanext4developer
boot
option.
Native installation to x86_64
machines using EFI and booting via
grub
.
Hardware probing and detection now based on HAL and
udev
.
Support for persistence in Live images on USB flash media.
Use of /dev/hdX
on i386 and x86_64 for IDE
drives has changed to /dev/sdX
. See notes
about the importance of labeling devices for upgrades from
releases before Fedora 7, and partition limitations.
Not all IDE RAID controllers are supported. If your RAID controller is not yet supported by dmraid , you may combine drives into RAID arrays by configuring Linux software RAID. For supported controllers, configure the RAID functions in the computer BIOS.
Some servers with multiple network interfaces may not assign
eth0 to the first network interface as BIOS knows it, which can
cause the installer to try using a different network interface
than was used by PXE. To change this behavior, use the following
in pxelinux.cfg/*
config files:
IPAPPEND 2 APPEND ksdevice=bootif
The configuration options above causes the installer to use the same network interface as BIOS and PXE use. You can also use the following option:
ksdevice=link
This option causes the installer to use the first network device it finds that is linked to a network switch.
If you have difficulties with this installation not detecting the Smart Array card, try entering linux isa on the installer prompt. This lets you manually select the card.
Currently, Anaconda is not able to load userland firmware. This means that any devices with a driver that relies on loaded firmware will not be supported at install time. This includes all QLogic storage controllers.
Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/DistributionUpgrades for detailed recommended procedures for upgrading Fedora.
Whereas older IDE drivers supported up to 63 partitions per
device, SCSI devices are limited to 15 partitions per device.
Anaconda uses the new
libata
driver in the
same fashion as the rest of Fedora, so it is unable to detect
more than 15 partitions on an IDE disk during the installation
or upgrade process.
If you are upgrading a system with more than 15 partitions, you may need to migrate the disk to Logical Volume Management (LVM). This restriction may cause conflicts with other installed systems if they do not support LVM. Most modern Linux distributions support LVM, and drivers are available for other operating systems as well.
A change in the way that the linux kernel handles storage
devices means that device names like
/dev/hdX
or
/dev/sdX
may
differ from the values used in earlier releases. Anaconda solves
this problem by relying on partition labels. If these labels are
not present, then Anaconda presents a warning indicating that
partitions need to be labelled and that the upgrade can not
proceed. Systems that use Logical Volume Management (LVM) and
the device mapper usually do not require relabeling.
To view partition labels, boot the existing Fedora installation, and enter the following at a terminal prompt:
/sbin/blkid
Confirm that each volume line in the list has a
LABEL=
value, as shown below:
/dev/hdd1: LABEL="/boot" UUID="ec6a9d6c-6f05-487e-a8bd-a2594b854406" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3"
If any filesystem labels were added or modified, then the
device entries in /etc/fstab
must be
adjusted to match:
su -c "cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig" su -c "gedit /etc/fstab"
An example of a mount by label entry is:
LABEL=f7-slash / ext3 defaults 1 1
grub.conf
kernel root entry
If the label for the
/
(root)
filesystem was modified, the kernel boot parameter in the grub
configuration file must also be modified:
su -c "gedit /boot/grub/grub.conf"
A matching example kernel grub line is:
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.20-1.2948.fc6 ro root=LABEL=f7-slash rhgb quiet
If partition labels were adjusted, or the
/etc/fstab
file modified, then boot the
existing Fedora installation to confirm that all partitions
still mount normally and login is successful. When complete,
reboot with the installation media to start the installer and
begin the upgrade.
In general, fresh installations are recommended over upgrades, particularly for systems that include software from third-party repositories. Third-party packages remaining from a previous installation may not work as expected on an upgraded Fedora system. If you decide to perform an upgrade anyway, the following information may be helpful:
Before you upgrade, back up the system completely. In
particular, preserve /etc
,
/home
, and possibly
/opt
and
/usr/local
if customized packages are
installed there. You may wish to use a multi-boot approach
with a "clone" of the old installation on alternate
partition(s) as a fallback. In that case, create alternate
boot media, such as a GRUB boot floppy.
![]() |
System Configuration Backups |
---|---|
Backups of configurations in |
After you complete the upgrade, run the following command:
rpm -qa --last > RPMS_by_Install_Time.txt
Inspect the end of the output for packages that pre-date the upgrade. Remove or upgrade those packages from third-party repositories, or otherwise deal with them as necessary. Some previously installed packages may no longer be available in any configured repository. To list all these packages, use the following command:
su -c "yum list extras"
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
This section provides notes that are specific to the supported hardware architectures of Fedora.
RPM supports parallel installation of multiple architectures of the same package. A default package listing such as rpm -qa might appear to include duplicate packages, since the architecture is not displayed. Instead, use the repoquery command, part of the yum-utils package, which displays architecture by default. To install yum-utils , run the following command:
su -c "yum install yum-utils"
To list all packages with their architecture using rpm, run the following command:
rpm -qa --queryformat "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n"
You can add this to /etc/rpm/macros
(for a
system wide setting) or ~/.rpmmacros
(for a
per-user setting). It changes the default query to list the
architecture:
%_query_all_fmt %%{name}-%%{version}-%%{release}.%%{arch}
This section covers specific information about Fedora and the PPC hardware platform.
Minimum CPU: PowerPC G3 / POWER3.
Fedora 9 supports only the "New World" generation of Apple Power Macintosh, shipped from circa 1999 onward.
Fedora 9 also supports IBM pSeries, IBM iSeries, IBM RS/6000, Genesi Pegasos II, and IBM Cell Broadband Engine machines.
Fedora 9 includes new hardware support for Genesi Efika, and for the Sony PlayStation 3.
Recommended for text-mode: 233 MHz G3 or better, 128MiB RAM.
Recommended for graphical: 400 MHz G3 or better, 256MiB RAM.
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 9 after installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during installation
to support the installation environment. This additional disk
space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
(on Installation
Disc 1) plus the size of the files in
/var/lib/rpm
on
the installed system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for an "everything" installation. The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Additional space is also required for any user data, and at least 5% free space should be maintained for proper system operation.
After a brief experiment with 64KiB pages in Fedora Core 6, the PowerPC64 kernel has now been switched back to 4KiB pages. The installer should reformat any swap partitions automatically during an upgrade.
The Option key on Apple systems is equivalent to the Alt key on the PC. Where documentation and the installer refer to the Alt key, use the Option key. For some key combinations you may need to use the Option key in conjunction with the Fn key, such as Option+Fn+F3 to switch to virtual terminal tty3.
Fedora Installation Disc 1 is bootable on supported hardware. In
addition, a bootable CD image appears in the
images/
directory of
this disc. These images behave differently according to your
system hardware:
On most machines, the bootloader automatically boots the appropriate 32-bit or 64-bit installer from the install disc.
64-bit IBM pSeries (POWER4/POWER5), current iSeries models. After using OpenFirmware to boot the CD, the bootloader, yaboot, automatically boots the 64-bit installer.
IBM "Legacy" iSeries (POWER4).
So-called "Legacy" iSeries models, which do not use
OpenFirmware, require use of the boot image located in the
images/iSeries
directory of the installation tree.
32-bit CHRP (IBM RS/6000 and others).
After using OpenFirmware to boot the CD, select the
linux32
boot image at the
boot:
prompt to start the 32-bit installer. Otherwise, the
64-bit installer starts and fails.
Genesi Pegasos II. At the time of writing, firmware with full support for ISO9660 file systems has not yet been released for the Pegasos. You can use the network boot image, however. At the OpenFirmware prompt, enter the following command:
boot cd: /images/netboot/ppc32.img
You must also manually configure OpenFirmware on the Pegasos
to make the installed Fedora system bootable. To do this,
set the
boot-device
and
boot-file
environment variables appropriately.
Genesi Efika 5200B. To run Linux correctly on the Efika, download the "Device Tree Supplement" from http://www.powerdeveloper.org/platforms/efika/devicetree and install according to the documentation therein. At the time of writing, the firmware of the Efika has bugs which prevent correct operation of the yaboot bootloader. Genesi stated that a fixed firmware would be made available by April 2007. As of November 2007, it is not yet available.
Sony PlayStation 3. For installation on PlayStation 3, first update to firmware 1.60 or later. The "Other OS" boot loader must be installed into the flash, following the instructions at http://www.playstation.com/ps3-openplatform/manual.html. A suitable boot loader image can be found on Sony's "ADDON" CD, available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/geoff/cell/.
Once the boot loader is installed, the PlayStation 3 should be able to boot from the Fedora install media. Type linux64 xdriver=fbdev at the boot prompt, which will work around https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=370761. Please note that network installation works best with NFS, since that takes less memory than FTP or HTTP methods. Using the text option also reduces the amount of memory taken by the installer.
For more information on Fedora and the PlayStation3 or
Fedora on PowerPC in general, join the
Fedora-PPC
mailing list or the
#fedora-ppc
channel on
FreeNode.
Network booting.
Combined images containing the installer kernel and
ramdisk are located in the
images/netboot/
directory of the installation tree. They are intended for
network booting with TFTP, but can be used in many ways.
The yaboot loader supports TFTP booting for IBM pSeries and Apple Macintosh. The Fedora Project encourages the use of yaboot over the netboot images.
ppc64-utils
has been split out into
individual packages reflecting upstream packaging
(ps3pf-utils
,
powerpc-utils
,
powerpc-utils-papr
). The
mkzimage command is no longer supplied, you
can use the wrapper script from kernel-bootwrapper package - eg:
wrapper -i initrd-${KERN_VERSION}.img -o zImage-${KERN_VERSION}.img vmlinuz-${KERN_VERSION}
This section covers specific information about Fedora and the x86 hardware platform.
In order to use specific features of Fedora 9 during or after installation, you may need to know details of other hardware components such as video and network cards.
The following CPU specifications are stated in terms of Intel processors. Other processors, such as those from AMD, Cyrix, and VIA that are compatible with and equivalent to the following Intel processors, may also be used with Fedora.
Fedora 9 requires an Intel Pentium or better processor, and is optimized for Pentium 4 and later processors.
Recommended for text-mode: 200 MHz Pentium-class or better.
Recommended for graphical: 400 MHz Pentium II or better.
Minimum RAM for text-mode: 128MiB.
Minimum RAM for graphical: 192MiB.
Recommended RAM for graphical: 256MiB.
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 9 after the installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during the
installation to support the installation environment. This
additional disk space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
on Installation
Disc 1 plus the size of the files in
/var/lib/rpm
on
the installed system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for an "everything" installation. The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Additional space is also required for any user data, and at least 5% free space should be maintained for proper system operation.
This section covers specific information about Fedora and the x86_64 hardware platform.
In order to use specific features of Fedora 9 during or after installation, you may need to know details of other hardware components such as video and network cards.
Minimum RAM for text-mode: 256MiB.
Minimum RAM for graphical: 384MiB.
Recommended RAM for graphical: 512MiB.
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 9 after the installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during the
installation to support the installation environment. This
additional disk space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
on Installation
Disc 1 plus the size of the files in
/var/lib/rpm
on
the installed system.
In practical terms, additional space requirements may range from as little as 90 MiB for a minimal installation to as much as an additional 175 MiB for an "everything" installation. The complete packages can occupy over 9 GB of disk space.
Additional space is also required for any user data, and at least 5% free space should be maintained for proper system operation.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
The Fedora release includes several live ISO images in addition to the traditional installation images. These ISO images are bootable, and you can burn them to media and use them to try out Fedora. They also include a feature that allows you to install the Live image content to your hard drive for persistence and higher performance.
For a complete list of current spins available, and instructions for using them, refer to:
To boot from the Live image, insert it into your computer and
restart. To log in and use the desktop environment, enter the
username fedora
. Hit
Enter at the password prompt, since there is no
password on this account. The Live images do not automatically
login so users can select a preferred language. After logging in,
if you wish to install the contents of the live image to your hard
drive, click on the Install to Hard Drive
icon on the desktop.
![]() |
No i586 Support |
---|---|
The i686 Live images will not boot on an i586 machine. |
You can do a text mode installation of the Live images using the liveinst command in the console.
You can add liveinst
or textinst
as a boot loader option to perform a direct installation without
booting up the live CD/DVD.
Another way to use these Live images is to put them on a USB stick. To do this, install the livecd-tools package from the development repository. Then, run the livecd-iso-to-disk script:
/usr/bin/livecd-iso-to-disk /path/to/live.iso /dev/sdb1
Replace /dev/sdb1
with the partition
where you want to put the image.
This is not a destructive process; any data you currently have on your USB stick is preserved.
Work has continued to better integrate the Live images with the rest of the system, and improve the tools used for building them. The livecd-creator utility now also provides an API for building alternative front-ends as well as tools for other types of images.
The initial work to support persistent changes with a Live image has also landed. The primary use case is booting from a Live image on a USB flash drive and storing changes to that same device. To do this, download the Live image and then run the following command:
livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 512 /path/to/live.iso /dev/sdb1
Replace /dev/sdb1
with the partition
where you want to put the image.
Replace 512
with the desired size in
megabytes of the persistent data, or overlay. The
livecd-iso-to-disk shell script is stored in
the LiveOS
directory at
the top level of the CD image. The USB media must have
sufficient free space for the Live image, plus the overlay, plus
any other data to be stored on the media.
The following items are different from a normal Fedora install with the live images.
Live images provide a subset of packages available in the regular DVD image. Both connect to the same repository that has all the packages.
SSH is disabled by default and NetworkManager is enabled by default in the Live images. SSH is disabled because the default username in the Live images does not have any password. Installation to hard disk prompts for creating a new user name and password however. NetworkManager is enabled by default since Live images target desktop users.
Live image installations do not allow any package selection or upgrade capability since they copy entire the filesystem from media to hard disk or USB disks. After the installation is complete and rebooted, packages can be added and removed as desired with yum or the other software management tools.
Live images do not work on i586
architecture.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
The following sections contain information regarding software packages that have undergone significant changes for Fedora 9. For easier access, they are generally organized using the same groups that are shown in the installation system.
Fedora 9 now includes Perl 5.10.0, the first "major" release update in perl5 in some time. The Perl interpreter itself is faster with a smaller memory footprint, and has several UTF-8 and threading improvements. The Perl installation is now relocatable, a blessing for systems administrators and operating system packagers. Perl 5.10.0 also adds a new smart match operator, a switch statement, named captures, state variables, and better error messages.
For more information, refer to:
The installonlyn
plugin functionality has
been folded into the core yum package. The
installonlypkgs
and
installonly_limit
options are used by default to
limit the system to retain only two kernel packages. You can
adjust the package set or the number of packages, or disable the
option entirely to match your preferences. More details are
available in the man page for yum.conf
.
The yum command now retries when it detects a lock. This function is useful if a daemon is checking for updates, or if you are running yum and one of its graphical frontends simultaneously.
The yum command now understands a cost parameter in its configuration file, which is the relative cost of accessing a software repository. It is useful for weighing one software repository's packages as greater or less than any other. The cost parameter defaults to 1000, with lower costs given priority.
The pam_mount
facility now uses a
configuration file written in XML. The
/etc/security/pam_mount.conf
file will be
converted to /etc/security/pam_mount.conf.xml
during update with
/usr/bin/convert_pam_mount_conf.pl, which
removes all comments. Any per-user configuration files must be
converted manually, with the conversion script if desired. A
sample pam_mount.conf.xml
file with detailed
comments about the available options appears at
/usr/share/doc/pam_mount-*/pam_mount.conf.xml
.
TeXLive is a replacement for the old, unmaintained TeX package. It offers new style packages and fixes many security problems with the old distribution.
The i810switch package has been removed. This functionality is now available through the xrandr command in the xorg-x11-server-utils package.
The evolution-exchange package replaces evolution-connector , and provides a capability under the old name.
The system-config-firewall and system-config-selinux packages replace system-config-security-level . The system-config-selinux package is part of the policycoreutils-gui package.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
This section covers changes and important information regarding the 2.6.24 based kernel in Fedora 9. The 2.6.24 kernel includes:
Tickless support for x86 64-bit systems (32-bit was added previously), which greatly improves power management.
Some elements of the realtime kernel project.
The kernel has a new version naming scheme to more closely match the upstream version naming scheme.
The kernel spec file is now named
kernel.spec
rather than
kernel-2.6.spec
.
The kernel spec file has new macros that ease the kernel building process. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/CustomKernel for further information.
The kernel in Fedora 9 no longer loads modules by default for
ISA sound cards. Load the module by hand using the command
modprobe module-name, or put an entry in
/etc/modprobe.conf
. For example, for the
Creative SoundBlaster AWE64, add the following entry:
install snd-sbawe
The Fedora kernel offers paravirt_ops
support in domU
, as part of the kernel
team's efforts to reduce the work required to produce current
Xen kernels.
Xen fully virtualized guests can directly boot a kernel and initrd image and pass kernel boot args. For more details refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XenFullvirtKernelBoot.
Fedora may include additional patches to the kernel for improvements, bug fixes, or additional features. For this reason, the Fedora kernel may not be line-for-line equivalent to the so-called vanilla kernel from the kernel.org web site:
To obtain a list of these patches, download the source RPM package and run the following command against it:
rpm -qpl kernel-<version>.src.rpm
To retrieve a log of changes to the package, run the following command:
rpm -q --changelog kernel-<version>
If you need a user friendly version of the changelog, refer to http://wiki.kernelnewbies.org/LinuxChanges. A short and full diff of the kernel is available from http://kernel.org/git. The Fedora version kernel is based on the Linus tree.
Customizations made for the Fedora version are available from http://cvs.fedoraproject.org.
Fedora 9 includes the following kernel builds:
Native kernel, for use in most systems. Configured sources are available in the kernel-devel package.
The kernel-PAE, for use in 32-bit x86 systems with more than 4GB of RAM, or with CPUs that have an NX (No eXecute) feature. This kernel support both uniprocessor and multi-processor systems. Configured sources are available in the kernel-PAE-devel package.
Virtualization kernel for use with the Xen emulator package. Configured sources are available in the kernel-xen-devel package.
You may install kernel headers for all kernel flavors at the same
time. The files are installed in the
/usr/src/kernels/
tree. Use the following command:
version
[-PAE|-xen|-kdump]-arch
/
su -c "yum install kernel{,-PAE,-xen,-kdump}-devel"
Select one or more of these flavors, separated by commas and no
spaces, as appropriate. Enter the
root
password when
prompted.
![]() |
x86 Kernel Includes Kdump |
---|---|
Both the x86_64 and the i686 kernels are now relocatable, so they no longer require a separate kernel for kdump capability. PPC64 still requires a separate kdump kernel. |
![]() |
Default Kernel Provides SMP |
---|---|
There is no separate SMP kernel available for Fedora on i386, x86_64, and ppc64. Multiprocessor support is provided by the native kernel. |
![]() |
PowerPC Kernel Support |
---|---|
There is no support for Xen or kdump for the PowerPC architecture in Fedora. 32-bit PowerPC does still have a separate SMP kernel. |
Fedora 9 does not include the kernel-source package provided by older versions since only the kernel-devel package is required now to build external modules. Configured sources are available, as described in Section 9.3, “Kernel Flavors”.
![]() |
Custom Kernel Building |
---|---|
For information on kernel development and working with custom kernels, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/CustomKernel. |
Refer to http://kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html for information on reporting bugs in the Linux kernel. You may also use http://bugzilla.redhat.com for reporting bugs that are specific to Fedora.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
This section details changes that affect Fedora graphical desktop users.
This release features GNOME 2.22.
The GNOME splash screen has been disabled upstream intentionally. To enable it, use gconf-editor or the following command:
gconftool-2 --set /apps/gnome-session/options/show_splash_screen --type bool true
The lock screen dialog theme is not connected to the selected screensaver in this release. To enable it, use gconf-editor or the following command:
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-screensaver/lock_dialog_theme "system"
GNOME 2.22 features the new Gvfs, a userspace virtual
file-system with back-ends for sftp, ftp, dav, smb, obexftp, and
others. The Gvfs system is the replacement/successor of
gnome-vfs
.
Gvfs consists of two parts:
GIO, which is a new shared library that is part of GLib and
provides the API for
gvfs
Gvfs itself, a package that contains back-ends for the various file system types and protocols
The Gvfs system runs a single master daemon,
gvfsd
, that keeps
track of the current
gvfs
mounts. Most
mounts are run in a separate daemon process. Clients talk to the
mounts with a combination of DBus calls (on the session bus and
using peer-to-peer DBus) and a custom protocol for file
contents.
A few file-system types previously supported by
gnome-vfs
may not be
yet supported by gvfs
.
Work continues to provide completed solutions for all these
types.
The GNOME Display Manager
(gdm
) has been
updated to the latest upstream code.
PolicyKit can be used to
control shutdown and reboot. The configuration tool
gdmsetup is set to be replaced. New features
available on the login screen include:
nicer graphical effects
power management and monitoring on the login screen, so the laptop hibernates or shuts down when the battery gets low
smarter user list
keyboard layout selector on the login screen
For more information on this feature:
This release features KDE 4.0.2. As the kdepim and kdevelop packages are not part of KDE 4.0 and kdewebdev is only partially available (no Quanta) in KDE 4.0, the KDE 3.5.9 versions of those packages are shipped.
KDE 4.0 features upgrades to core components such as the port to Qt 4. It also introduces a number of brand new frameworks such as the Phonon, a multimedia API; Solid, a hardware integration framework; Plasma, a re-written desktop and panel with many new concepts; integrated desktop search; compositing as a feature of KWin; and a brand new visual style called Oxygen. KDE 4.0.2 is a bugfix release from the KDE 4.0 release series.
Fedora 9 does not include the legacy KDE 3 Desktop. It does include a compatibility KDE 3 Development Platform, which can be used to build and run KDE 3 applications within KDE 4 or any other desktop environment. Refer to the Backwards Compatibility section for more details about what is included.
Since networkmanager
does
not work with the version of
NetworkManager available in this
release, the KDE Live images use
nm-applet
from
NetworkManager-gnome as a replacement. The
gnome-keyring-daemon
facility saves passwords for these encryption technologies. (The
dummy knetworkmanager package from Fedora 8
that only called
nm-applet
is no longer
used.)
As the native KWin window manager now optionally supports compositing and desktop effects, the KDE Live images no longer include Compiz/Beryl. The KWin compositing/effects mode is disabled by default, but can be enabled in systemsettings.
Plasma replaces the old Kicker and KDesktop. Plasma manages both the panel and the desktop, and it is now possible to place the same Plasma applets (plasmoids) on both the panel and the desktop if the applet supports the size restrictions imposed by the panel.
The old KDE Control Center (KControl) has been replaced by System Settings (systemsettings).
The KDM login manager uses a new theme format. Therefore, KDM themes written for KDE 3 do not work with the KDM in KDE 4. KDM now includes support for theme configuration, thus the external kdmtheme tool is no longer needed.
All the above applications can be found in the kdebase-workspace package.
The packages qt , kdelibs , and kdebase now represent the KDE 4 version, obsoleting the qt4 , kdelibs4 , and kdebase4 packages in previous releases of Fedora.
The Qt/KDE 3 versions have been renamed qt3 , kdelibs3 , and kdebase3 . Fedora 9 only includes parts of kdebase3 . Refer to the Backwards Compatibility section for details.
Upstream KDE has split the kdebase module into three modules: kdebase-runtime , kdebase (sometimes called kdebase-apps to distinguish it from the old monolithic kdebase ), and kdebase-workspace . This split is reflected in the Fedora packages.
Fedora 9 adds a kdegames3 package containing the games not yet ported to KDE 4.
Dolphin, which is part of kdebase , replaces d3lphin .
The kdebase-workspace package now includes support for KDM theme configuration, and therefore obsoletes kdmtheme .
Okular replaces KPDF, KGhostView, and KFax in kdegraphics .
The package kaider replaces KBabel, which used to be part of kdesdk .
The okteta package replaces KHexEdit, which used to be part of kdeutils .
The packages kalgebra and marble are now part of kdeedu .
The ksudoku package is now part of kdegames .
The package gwenview is now part of kdegraphics .
The kiconedit and kcoloredit packages, which used to be part of kdegraphics , are now separate packages.
The package kmid , which used to be part of kdemultimedia , is now a separate package.
The Fedora KDE SIG decided to drop the -extras sub-packages, which contained deprecated or unstable applications, because those applications have been either fixed or dropped in KDE 4.
The package kdeadmin-kpackage has been split out of kdeadmin because KPackage now depends on smart .
KDE 4 dropped the kdeaddons module. Therefore, there is no kdeaddons package in Fedora 9. The Atlantik Designer, for use with kdegames3 , is still available as kdeaddons-atlantikdesigner . The package ksig is now its own package, and extragear-plasma replaces the Kicker addons. The Konqueror plugins are being packaged as a separate konq-plugins package.
The Bluetooth feature in Fedora 9 (http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/BluetoothFedora9) has several enhancements specific to this release. The future generations of this feature is covered with greater detail at:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureBluetooth
File sending to a Bluetooth device is now handled with the bluetooth-sendto program from the bluez-gnome package, which replaces gnome-obex-sen. Send a file in Nautilus from the function in the right-click context menu.
Pulling files from a Bluetooth device is now included in gnome-user-share , which has ObexFTP and ObexPush support built-in. Share files via (ObexFTP support), or pull files using ObexPush with .
Files on the remote Bluetooth device can be viewed directly in Nautilus through GVFS, which supports Bluetooth devices. Synchronizing a Bluetooth device with a personal information manager (PIM) device is done using gnome-pilot
Browsing of Bluetooth devices is done via the right-click context menu from the Bluetooth icon on the desktop panel.
Applications that require the Gecko engine have had to depend on the entirety of Firefox. XULRunner is the Mozilla effort to split the browser engine for applications that require only that functionality, and no user interface parts. This split provides more API/ABI stability and a cleaner build environment for applications using Gecko. Many of the applications in Fedora that previously used Gecko now are built against XULRunner.
For a current status, visit http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XULRunner. To help with development, visit http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureXULRunnerAPIChanges.
For full upstream documentation, refer to http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XULRunner.
This release of Fedora includes version 3.0 of the popular Firefox web browser. Refer to http://firefox.com/ for more information about Firefox. The nspluginwrapper package is included by default even on 32-bit systems since it separates the plugins to run in their own address space, which increases security and reliability of the browser.
For information about Firefox 3.0 in Fedora, refer to this feature page:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/Firefox3
Fedora includes swfdec and gnash , which are free and open source implementations of Flash. We encourage you to try either or them before seeking out Adobe's proprietary Flash plugin software.
Users of Fedora x86_64 must install the nspluginwrapper.i386 package to enable the 32-bit Adobe Flash plugin in x86_64 Firefox and the pulseaudio-libs.i386 package to enable sound from the plugin.
Create the 32bit mozilla plugin directory:
su -c "mkdir -p /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins"
Install the nspluginwrapper.i386 , nspluginwrapper.x86_64 , and pulseaudio-libs.i386 packages:
su -c "yum install nspluginwrapper.{i386,x86_64} pulseaudio-libs.i386"
Install flash-plugin as shown above.
Run mozilla-plugin-config to register the flash plugin:
su -c "mozilla-plugin-config -i -g -v"
Close all Firefox windows, and then relaunch Firefox.
Type about:plugins
in the URL bar to
ensure the plugin is loaded.
PC speaker is enabled by default in Fedora. If you do not prefer this, there are two ways to circumvent the sounds:
Reduce its volume to a acceptable level or completely mute the PC speaker in alsamixer with the setting for .
Disable the PC speaker system wide by running the following commands in a console.
su - modprobe -r pcspkr echo "install pcspkr :" >> /etc/modprobe.conf
The new clock applet in the GNOME panel has expanded to support additional international timezones in the display, as well as weather information for each configured timezone displayed. This work, which involved merging intlclock with the GNOME clock applet, provides all the functionality of system-config-date and the weather applet. Additional features include: users can choose arbtirary locations instead of principal timezones; UI enhancements for new and old functions; and full weather information shown in a tool tip.
Read more about this feature:
There is a new default spell checking back-end, hunspell, for both the GNOME and KDE desktops, as well as applications such as OpenOffice.org, Firefox, and other XULRunner-based applications. This common back-end includes a set of shared, multi-lingual dictionaries for use with hunspell. This feature uses a single set of common dictionaries regardless of the application, which gives consistent suggestions for misspelled words and uses less diskpace by eliminating duplicate dictionaries.
Details on this effort are here:
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Fedora 9 provides basic support for encrypted swap partitions and
non-root file systems. To use it, add entries to
/etc/crypttab
and reference the created devices
in /etc/fstab
.
New in Fedora 9, the installer Anaconda has support for creating encrypted file systems during installation. For more information on that, refer to the Fedora Installation Guide.
Installing to encrypted volumes, including the root file system, is now supported. There is no configuration tool for adding or removing keys from volumes at a later time, or otherwise doing modification of the encryption. Refer to this feature page for more information:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureEncryptedFilesystems
For full instructions on using encrypted file systems, refer to the Fedora Encryption and Privacy Guide.
The new ext4 file system is available in Fedora 9 as a nearly feature complete preview. Testers are encouraged to review the documentation and try implementations of ext4. When finally integrated, users should experience no problems with the new file system, and should find it bigger, better, and faster.
While an ext3 file system can be mounted as ext4, an ext3 to ext4 conversion tool is planned that converts existing ext3 on-disk format to ext4. For more information about this feature:
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Users of the mod_dbd
module should note that
the apr-util
DBD driver for PostgreSQL is now
distributed as a separate dynamically-loaded module. The driver
module is now included in the apr-util-pgsql
package. A MySQL driver is now also available, in the
apr-util-mysql package.
SQLAlchemy has been updated to 0.4.x. TurboGears Applications developed using SQLAlchemy for their database layer will need to update their startup scripts. Instead of:
import pkg_resources pkg_resources.require('TurboGears')
the start script needs to have:
__requires__ = 'TurboGears[future]' import pkg_resources
Drupal has been updated from the 5.x series to 6.1. For details, refer to:
Remember to log in to your site as the admin user, and disable any third-party modules before upgrading this package. After upgrading the package:
Copy
/etc/drupal/default/settings.php.rpmsave
to /etc/drupal/default/settings.php
, and
repeat for any additional sites' settings.php files.
Browse to http://host/drupal/update.php to run the upgrade script.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
This section concerns electronic mail servers or mail transfer agents (MTAs).
By default, the Sendmail mail transport agent (MTA) does not accept network connections from any host other than the local computer. To configure Sendmail as a server for other clients:
Edit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
and either
change the DAEMON_OPTIONS
line to also listen
on network devices, or comment out this option entirely using
the dnl
comment delimiter.
Install the sendmail-cf package:
yum install sendmail-cf
Regenerate /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
:
make -C /etc/mail
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
This section covers various development tools and features.
This release of Fedora has been built with GCC 4.3.0, which is included with the distribution.
For more information on GCC 4.3, refer to:
Starting with gcc-4.1.2-25 and
glibc-2.6.90-14 , the
-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
option protects not only
C code, but also C++. There have been several security issues
already which would not have been exploitable if this checking
was in place earlier. Refer to this
announcement:
https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-announce/2007-September/msg00015.html for more details.
This release of Fedora includes Fedora Eclipse, based on the Eclipse SDK version 3.3.0. You can read the "New and Noteworthy" page for the 3.3.x series of releases can be accessed at:
http://download.eclipse.org/eclipse/downloads/drops/R-3.3-2007-06251500/whatsnew/eclipse-news.html
Release notes specific to 3.3.0 are available at:
http://www.eclipse.org/eclipse/development/readme_eclipse_3.3.html
The Eclipse SDK is known variously as "the Eclipse Platform," "the Eclipse IDE," and "Eclipse." The Eclipse SDK is the foundation for the combined release of twenty-one Eclipse projects under the Callisto combined release umbrella:
A few of these Europa projects are included in Fedora:
CDT for C/C++ development:
GEF, the Graphical Editing Framework:
Mylyn, a task-focused UI for Eclipse, along with task connectors for Bugzilla and Trac:
Other Eclipse projects available in Fedora include:
Subclipse, for integrating Subversion version control:
PyDev, for developing in Python:
PHPeclipse, for developing in PHP:
Assistance in getting more projects packaged and tested with GCJ is always welcome. Contact the interested parties through fedora-devel-java-list and/or #fedora-java on freenode:
http://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/fedora-devel-java-list/
Fedora also includes plugins and features that are particularly useful to FLOSS hackers, ChangeLog editing with eclipse-changelog , and Bugzilla interaction with eclipse-mylyn-bugzilla . Our CDT package, eclipse-cdt , includes a snapshot release of work to integrate with the GNU Autotools.
The latest information regarding these projects can be found at the Fedora Eclipse Project page:
http://sourceware.org/eclipse/
Fedora Eclipse allows
non-root
users
to make use of the Update Manager functionality for installing
non-packaged plugins and features. Such plugins are installed
in the user's home directory under the
.eclipse
directory. Please note, however, that these plugins do not
have associated GCJ-compiled bits and may therefore run slower
than expected.
The Fedora free JREs do not satisfy every user, so Fedora does allow the installation of alternative JREs. A caveat exists, however, for installing proprietary JREs on 64-bit machines.
The 64-bit JNI libraries shipped by default on x86_64 systems in Fedora do not run on 32-bit JREs. In other words, do not try to run Fedora's x86_64 Eclipse packages on Sun's 32-bit JRE. They fail in confusing ways. Either switch to a 64-bit proprietary JRE, or install the 32-bit version of the packages, if available. To install a 32-bit version, use the following command:
yum install <package_name>.i386
Likewise, the 32-bit JNI libraries shipped by default on ppc64 systems do not run with a 64-bit JRE. To install the 64-bit version, use the following command:
yum install <package_name>.ppc64
Fedora 9 includes KDE 4.0 (beta) development libraries. The following new packages are provided:
kdelibs4 : KDE 4 libraries
kdepimlibs : KDE 4 PIM libraries
kdebase4 : KDE 4 core runtime files
Use these packages to develop, build and run KDE 4 applications within KDE 3 or any other desktop environment.
The kdebase4 package also includes a beta version of the Dolphin file manager as a technology preview. As this is a beta version, some issues may still be present. If you need a stable version of Dolphin, please install the d3lphin package, which is based on KDE 3 and can be safely installed alongside kdebase4 .
These packages are designed to:
comply with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), and
be completely safe to install in parallel with KDE 3, including the -devel packages.
In order to achieve this, Fedora KDE SIG members made 2 changes to the -devel packages:
The library symlinks are installed to
/usr/lib/kde4/devel
or /usr/lib64/kde4/devel
, depending on
system architecture.
The kconfig_compiler and makekdewidgets tools have been renamed kconfig_compiler4 and makekdewidgets4, respectively.
These changes should be completely transparent to the vast majority of KDE 4 applications that use cmake to build, since FindKDE4Internal.cmake has been patched to match these changes.
Note that kdebase4 does not include the KDE 4 Desktop package kdebase-workspace and its components such as Plasma and KWin version 4. The kdebase-workspace package is still too incomplete and unstable for daily use and would conflict with KDE 3.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
This section highlights various security items from Fedora.
Fedora continues to improve its many proactive security features.
The glibc package in Fedora 8 had support for passwords using SHA-256 and SHA-512 hashing. Previously, only DES and MD5 were available. These tools have been extended in Fedora 9. Password hashing using the SHA-256 and SHA-512 hash functions is now supported.
To switch to SHA-256 or SHA-512 on an installed system, use authconfig --passalgo=sha256 --update or authconfig --passalgo=sha512 --update. Alternatively, use the authconfig-gtk GUI tool to configure the hashing method. Existing user accounts will not be affected until their passwords are changed.
SHA-512 is used by default on newly installed systems. Other
algorithms can be configured only for kickstart installations, by
using the --passalgo
or
--enablemd5
options for the kickstart
auth
command. If your installation does not use
kickstart, use authconfig as described above,
and then change the root user password, and passwords for other
users created after installation.
New options now appear in libuser , pam , and shadow-utils to support these password hashing algorithms. Running authconfig configures all these options automatically, so it is not necessary to modify them manually.
New values for the crypt_style
option, and
the new options hash_rounds_min
, and
hash_rounds_max
, are now supported in the
[defaults]
section of
/etc/libuser.conf
. Refer to the
libuser.conf(5) man page for details.
New options, sha256
, sha512
,
and rounds
, are now supported by the
pam_unix
PAM module. Refer to the
pam_unix(8) man page for details.
New options, ENCRYPT_METHOD
,
SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS
, and
SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS
, are now supported in
/etc/login.defs
. Refer to the
login.defs(5) man page for details.
Corresponding options were added to
chpasswd(8) and
newusers(8).
A general introduction to the many proactive security features in Fedora, current status, and policies is available at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Security.
The SELinux project pages have troubleshooting tips, explanations, and pointers to documentation and references. Some useful links include the following:
New SELinux project pages: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux
Troubleshooting tips: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux/Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/selinux-faq/
Listing of SELinux commands: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux/Commands
Details of confined domains: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux/Domains
Free IPA is a centrally managed identity, policy, and audit installation.
The IPA server installer assumes a relatively clean system, installing and configuring several services:
a Fedora Directory Server instance
KDC
Apache
ntpd
TurboGears
Some effort is made to be able to roll back the changes made but
they are not guaranteed. Similarly the
ipa-client-install tool overwrites PAM
(/etc/pam.conf
) and Kerberos
(/etc/krb5.conf
) configurations.
IPA does not support other instances of Fedora Directory Server on the same machine at install time, even listening on different ports. In order to install IPA, other instances must be removed. IPA itself can handle this removal.
There is currently no mechanism for migrating existing users into an IPA server.
The server self-configures to be a client of itself. If the Directory Server or KDC fail to start on bootup, boot into single-user mode in order to resolve the issue.
For more information, refer to this feature page:
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Fedora 9 includes OpenJDK 6, an open source implementation of the Java Platform, Standard Edition. OpenJDK 6 is not yet Java compatible; work is underway to certify it.
Fedora will track Sun's stable OpenJDK 6 branch.
The OpenJDK 6 packages, java-1.6.0-openjdk*
,
replace their
IcedTea
counterparts, java-1.7.0-icedtea*
. The Fedora
8 IcedTea packages track the unstable OpenJDK 7 branch, whereas
the java-1.6.0-openjdk*
packages track the
stable OpenJDK 6 branch. The decision to have OpenJDK 6 replace
IcedTea was made for several reasons:
Sun has replaced most of the encumbrances for which IcedTea was providing replacements.
IcedTea's mandate is to merge as much as possible with OpenJDK, so the differences between IcedTea and OpenJDK should diminish over time.
OpenJDK 6 is a stable branch, whereas OpenJDK 7 is unstable, and is not expected to ship a stable release until 2009.
Sun has licensed the OpenJDK trademark for use in Fedora.
Shipping both OpenJDK 6 and IcedTea would have been confusing, and would have added size to the distribution.
IcedTea continues to provide autotools support (
autoconf , automake ,
libtool , and so on), a portable interpreter
for PowerPC and 64-bit PowerPC architectures, plugin support, Web
Start support, and patches to integrate OpenJDK into Fedora. The
IcedTea sources are included in the
java-1.6.0-openjdk
SRPM.
If IcedTea is already installed, the package changeover does not happen automatically. The packages related to IcedTea based on OpenJDK 7 must first be erased, then the new OpenJDK 6 packages installed.
su -c "yum erase java-1.7.0-icedtea{,-plugin}" su -c "yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk{,-plugin}"
Upstream OpenJDK does not provide a plugin. The Fedora OpenJDK
packages include an adaptation of
gcjwebplugin
, that runs untrusted applets
safely in a Web browser. The plugin is packaged as
java-1.6.0-openjdk-plugin
.
The gcjwebplugin
adaptation has no
support for the
bytecode-to-JavaScript
bridge (LiveConnect). Applets that rely on this bridge
will not work. Experimental LiveConnect support exists in the
IcedTea repository, but is not ready for deployment in Fedora.
The gcjwebplugin
adaptation does not
support
signed
applets. Signed applets will run in untrusted mode.
Experimental support for signed applets is present in the
IcedTea repository, but it is not ready for deployment in
Fedora.
The gcjwebplugin
security policy may be
too restrictive. To enable restricted applets, run the
firefox -g command in a terminal window to
see what is being restricted, and then grant the restricted
permission in the
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0/jre/lib/security/java.policy
file.
Upstream OpenJDK does not provide Web Start support. Experimental Web Start support via NetX is present in the IcedTea repository, but is not ready for deployment in Fedora.
Fedora includes many packages derived from the JPackage Project. Some of these packages are modified in Fedora to remove proprietary software dependencies, and to make use of GCJ's ahead-of-time compilation feature. Use the Fedora repositories to update these packages, or use the JPackage repository for packages not provided by Fedora. Refer to the JPackage website for more information about the project, and the software it provides.
An incompatibility between Fedora and the JPackage jpackage-utils , that prevented installing JPackage's jpackage-utils on Fedora, is resolved in this release.
![]() |
Mixing Packages from Fedora and JPackage |
---|---|
Research package compatibility before you install software from both the Fedora and JPackage repositories on the same system. Incompatible packages may cause complex issues. |
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Fedora 9 features the Upstart initialization system. All System V
init scripts should run fine in compatibility mode. However, users
who have made customizations to their
/etc/inittab
file will need to port those
modifications to upstart. For information on writing upstart
scripts, see the
Upstart
Getting Started Guide.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Fedora includes applications for assorted multimedia functions, including playback, recording, and editing. Additional packages are available through the Fedora Package Collection software repository. For additional information about multimedia in Fedora, refer to the Multimedia section of the Fedora Project website at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Multimedia.
The default installation of Fedora includes Rhythmbox and Totem for media playback. The Fedora repositories include many other popular programs such as the XMMS player and KDE's amaroK. Both GNOME and KDE have a selection of players that can be used with a variety of formats. Third parties may offer additional programs to handle other formats.
Fedora includes complete support for the Ogg media container format and the Vorbis audio, Theora video, Speex audio and FLAC lossless audio formats. These freely-distributable formats are not encumbered by patent or license restrictions. They provide powerful and flexible alternatives to more popular, restricted formats. The Fedora Project encourages the use of open source formats in place of restricted ones. For more information on these formats and how to use them, refer to the Xiph.Org Foundation's web site at http://www.xiph.org/.
Fedora cannot include support for MP3 or DVD video playback or recording. The MP3 formats are patented, and the patent holders have not provided the necessary licenses. DVD video formats are patented and equipped with an encryption scheme. The patent holders have not provided the necessary licenses, and the code needed to decrypt CSS-encrypted discs may violate the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, a copyright law of the United States. Fedora also excludes other multimedia software due to patent, copyright, or license restrictions, including Adobe's Flash Player and Real Media's Real Player. For more on this subject, please refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems.
While other MP3 options may be available for Fedora, Fluendo now offers an MP3 plugin for GStreamer that has the related patents licensed for end users. This plugin enables MP3 support in applications that use the GStreamer framework as a backend. We cannot distribute this plugin in Fedora for licensing reasons, but it offers a new solution for an old problem. For more information, refer to the Installing Fluendo MP3 Plug-in or Installing MP3 Plug-in with Codeina pages.
Fedora include a variety of tools for easily mastering and burning CDs and DVDs. GNOME users can burn directly from the Nautilus file manager. The Fedora software repositories also contain additional software, such as brasero , gnomebaker , or k3b , for these tasks. Console tools include wodim, readom, genisoimage, and other popular applications.
You can use Fedora to create and play back screencasts, which are recorded desktop sessions, using open technologies. Fedora includes istanbul , which creates screencasts using the Theora video format, and 'byzanz', which creates screencasts as animated GIF files. You can play back these videos using one of several players included in Fedora. This is the preferred way to submit screencasts to the Fedora Project for either developers or end-users. For more comprehensive instructions, refer to the ScreenCasting page.
Most of the media players in Fedora support the use of plugins to add support for additional media formats and sound output systems. Some use powerful backends like the gstreamer package to handle media format support and sound output. Fedora offers plugin packages for these backends and for individual applications, and third parties may offer additional plugins to add even greater capabilities.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Fedora provides a selection of games that cover a variety of genres. Users can install a small package of games for GNOME (called gnome-games ) and KDE ( kdegames ). There are also many additional games that span every major genre available in the repositories.
The Fedora Project website features a section dedicated to games that details many of the available games, including overviews and installation instructions. For more information, refer to:
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Games
For a list of other games that are available for installation, select
→ , or via the command line:yum groupinfo "Games and Entertainment"
For help using yum to install the assorted game packages, refer to the guide available at
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Virtualization in Fedora 9 includes major changes, and new features, that continue to support the Xen and KVM platforms.
Previously, the Xen kernel was created by forward-porting Xen bits from the 2.6.18 kernel into the current Fedora kernel. This task was arduous and labor intensive, and resulted in the Xen kernel being several releases behind the bare-metal kernel. The inclusion of paravirt ops now makes this process unnecessary. Once paravirt ops is merged upstream, Xen will no longer require a separate kernel.
Fullyvirtualized Linux guests now have 3 possible installation methods:
PXE boot from the network.
Local CDROM drive / ISO image.
Network install from a FTP/HTTP/NFS hosted distribution tree.
The latter allows for fully automated installation through the use of kickstart files. This provides parity between Xen HVM and KVM guests in terms of installation methods.
For more information refer to: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XenFullvirtKernelBoot.
Previously, Fedora introduced the ability to manage existing guest domains remotely using libvirt . It was not possible to create new guests due to the lack of storage management capabilities. In Fedora 9, new storage management can create and delete storage volumes from a remote host using libvirt .
Previously, the virt-manager application ran as root when managing a local hypervisor, and used consolehelper to authenticate from a desktop session. Running GTK applications as root is bad practice. PolicyKit integration now permits running virt-manager as a regular user.
Previously, Fedora introduced support for secure remote management using TLS/SSL, and x509 certificates. Fedora 9 improves remote management capabilities by adding support for authentication by password database, Kerberos domain controller, or system authentication using PAM. This feature applies to all tools using libvirt .
Fedora also includes the following virtualization improvements:
a new P2V tool, shipping as a Live CD, for converting a bare-metal install to a virtual guest
a new tool, xenner, for running Xen-paravirtual kernels on top of KVM
storage and network paravirtual-drivers for KVM guests
full support for monitoring network and block statistics of QEMU and KVM in libvirt and virt-top , bringing parity with statistics monitoring, previously only available to Xen guests
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
This section contains information related to the X Window System implementation, X.Org, provided with Fedora.
Fedora 9 features a number of changes designed to make X faster in starting and shutting down and to make other improvements. Full details of the project can be found through this feature page:
The X.Org 1.4.99 X server has been modified to automatically
detect and configure most hardware, eliminating the need to modify
the /etc/X11/xorg.conf
configuration file.
The only hardware configured by default in the
xorg.conf
configuration file written by
Anaconda is:
the graphics driver, and
the keyboard map
All other hardware, such as monitors (both LCD and CRT), USB mice, and touchpads, should be detected and configured automatically.
The X server queries the attached monitor for supported resolution ranges, and attempts to pick the highest resolution available with the correct aspect ratio for the display. Set the preferred resolution in
→ → , and the default resolution for the system in → → .
If the /etc/X11/xorg.conf
configuration file
is not present, X automatically detects the appropriate driver,
and assumes a 105-key US keyboard layout.
Fedora 9 contains two drivers for Intel Integrated Graphics Controllers:
The default i810
driver, which contains
support for Intel graphic chipsets up to and including i945
and i965.
The experimental intel
driver, which contains
support for Intel graphic chipsets up to and including i945.
The i810
driver is limited to resolutions
available in the BIOS. For support for non-standard resolutions,
such as those used in certain widescreen displays, use the
intel
driver. Switch drivers by running the
system-config-display command, which is also
available in the menu under
→ → .
We welcome feedback on the experimental intel
driver. Please report success in
Bugzilla,
attaching the full output of the lspci -vn
command for your machine. Given success reports, various chipsets
may be switched to use the intel
driver by
default.
Refer to the Xorg third-party drivers page for detailed guidelines on using third-party video drivers.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Fedora now provides MySQL 5.0.51.a. For a list of the enhancements provided by this version, refer to http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/mysql-nutshell.html.
For more information on upgrading databases from previous releases of MySQL, refer to the MySQL website at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/upgrade.html.
The MySQL DBD driver has been dual-licensed and the related licensing issues have been resolved (https://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=222237). The resulting apr-util-mysql package is now included in the Fedora software repositories.
This release of Fedora includes PostgreSQL 8.3.0. For more information on this new version, refer to http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/release-8-3.html.
![]() |
Upgrading Databases |
---|---|
Before upgrading an existing Fedora system with a PostgreSQL database, check and then follow, if necessary, the procedure described at http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/interactive/install-upgrading.html. Otherwise the data may be not accessible by the new version of PostgreSQL. |
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
This section includes information on language support under Fedora.
Localization (translation) of Fedora is coordinated by the Fedora Localization Project.
Internationalization of Fedora is maintained by the Fedora I18n Project.
Fedora features a variety of software which is translated in many languages. For a list of languages refer to the translation statistics for Anaconda, which is one of the core software applications in Fedora.
To install additional language support from the Languages group, use → , or run this command:
su -c "yum groupinstall language
-support"
In the command above, language
is one
of assamese
, bengali
,
chinese
, gujarati
,
hindi
, japanese
,
kannada
, korean
,
malayalam
, marathi
,
oriya
, punjabi
,
sinhala
, tamil
,
thai
, or telegu
.
SCIM users upgrading from earlier releases of Fedora are strongly urged to install scim-bridge-gtk . This application works well with third-party C++ applications linked against older versions of libstdc++ .
To add SCIM support to input a particular language, install
scim-lang-LANG
,
where LANG
is one of
assamese
, bengali
,
chinese
, dhivehi
,
farsi
, gujarati
,
hindi
, japanese
,
kannada
, korean
,
latin
, malayalam
,
marathi
, oriya
,
punjabi
, sinhalese
,
tamil
, telugu
,
thai
, or tibetan
.
Transifex is Fedora's online tool to facilitate contributing translations to projects hosted on remote and disparate version control systems. Many of the core packages use Transifex to receive translations from numerous contributors.
Through a combination of new Web tools, community growth, and better processes, translators can contribute directly to any upstream project through one translator-oriented Web interface. Developers of projects with no existing translation community can easily reach out to Fedora's established community for translations. In turn, translators can reach out to numerous projects related to Fedora to easily contribute translations.
Fonts for all available languages are installed by default on the desktop to give good default language coverage. dejavu-fonts replaces dejavu-lgc-fonts as the default system font.
The wqy-zenkai-fonts package has been added.
The samyak-fonts package has been added.
The sarai-fonts package has been added.
VLGothic-fonts is the new default font for Japanese in Fedora 9. It now has a subpackage VLGothic-fonts-proportional for its proportional version.
The madan-fonts package has been added.
The thaifonts-scalable package has been added, making Thai TrueType fonts available in Fedora.
It is now possible to start and stop the of Input Methods in GTK
applications during runtime thanks to the new
imsettings framework. The
GTK_IM_MODULE
environment variable is no longer
needed by default but can still be used to override the
imsettings.
With the new imsettings framework, im-chooser can now start and stop Input Method usage dynamically on the GNOME Desktop.
Input methods only start by default on desktops running in an
Asian locale. The current list is: as
,
bn
, gu
,
hi
, ja
,
kn
, ko
,
ml
, mr
,
ne
, or
,
pa
, si
,
ta
, te
,
th
, ur
,
vi
, zh
. Use
im-chooser via → → → to enable or disable Input
method usage on your desktop.
Currently QT 4 does not yet support immodules other than XIM.
SCIM now only defines trigger hotkeys for Asian languages as in the following table:
Language |
Trigger hotkeys |
Chinese |
|
Indic |
|
Japanese |
|
Korean |
|
Table 1. Hotkeys
This release adds the scim-python package, which allows writing Input Method Engines for SCIM in python.
The scim-python package also includes a subpackage scim-python-pinyin that provides PinYin and ShuangPin Input Methods for improved input of Simplified Chinese. The PinYin Input Method replaces scim-pinyin as the default input method for Simplified Chinese. The scim-python-xingma package provides a number of tables for other Chinese input methods.
![]() |
Latest Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit: |
Fedora provides legacy system libraries for compatibility with older software. This software is part of the Legacy Software Development group, which is not installed by default. Users who require this functionality may select this group either during installation or after the installation process is complete. To install the package group on a Fedora system, use → or enter the following command in a terminal window:
su -c "yum groupinstall 'Legacy Software Development'"
Enter the password for the
root
account when
prompted.
The compat-gcc-34 package has been included for compatibility reasons:
https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-list/2006-August/msg00409.html
Fedora now features KDE 4.0, and no longer offers KDE 3 as a full desktop environment. Fedora does provide the following KDE 3.5 library packages to run and build the many existing KDE 3 applications:
qt3 , qt3-devel (and other qt3-* packages): Qt 3.3.8b
kdelibs3 , kdelibs3-devel : KDE 3 libraries
kdebase3 , kdebase3-devel : KDE 3 core files required by some applications
In addition, Fedora offers a kdegames3 package that includes games not ported to KDE 4 yet, and a KDE 3 version of libkdegames required by some third-party KDE 3 games.
Moreover, the KDE 4 kdebase-runtime package, which provides khelpcenter , also sets up khelpcenter as a service for KDE 3 applications, so help in KDE 3 applications works. The KDE 3 version of khelpcenter is no longer provided, and the KDE 4 version is used instead.
These packages are designed to:
comply with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), and
be completely safe to install in parallel with KDE 4, including the -devel packages.
In order to achieve this goal, Fedora KDE SIG members have made two changes to the KDE 4 kdelibs-devel packages:
The library symlinks are installed to
/usr/lib/kde4/devel
or
/usr/lib64/kde4/devel
depending on system
architecture.
The kconfig_compiler and makekdewidgets tools have been renamed kconfig_compiler4 and makekdewidgets4 , respectively.
These changes should be completely transparent to the vast
majority of KDE 4 applications that use cmake
to build, since FindKDE4Internal.cmake
has
been patched to match these changes. The KDE SIG made these
changes to the KDE 4 kdelibs-devel rather than
to kdelibs3-devel because KDE 4 stores these
locations in a central place, whereas KDE 3 applications usually
contain hardcoded copies of the library search paths and
executable names.
Note that kdebase3 does not include the following:
A complete KDE 3 desktop (workspace) which could be used instead of KDE 4; in particular, KDE 3 versions of KWin, KDesktop, Kicker, KSplash and KControl are not included.
The KDE 3 versions of kdebase applications such as Konqueror and KWrite, which are redundant with the KDE 4 versions and would conflict with them.
The libkdecorations library required for KWin 3 window decorations, as those window decorations cannot be used in the KDE 4 version of KWin.
The libkickermain library required by some Kicker applets, as there is no Kicker in Fedora 9 and thus Kicker applets cannot be used.
![]() |
Developing against the legacy API is discouraged |
---|---|
As with any backwards-compatibility library, developing new software against the legacy API is discouraged. |
For a list of packages that were updated since the previous release, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/PackageChanges/UpdatedPackages. You can also find a comparison of major packages between all Fedora versions at http://distrowatch.com/fedora.
The goal of the Fedora Project is to work with the Linux community to build a complete, general-purpose operating system exclusively from open source software. The Fedora Project is driven by the individuals that contribute to it. As a tester, developer, documenter, or translator, you can make a difference. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/join-fedora.html for details. For information on the channels of communication for Fedora users and contributors, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.
The Fedora Project is driven by the individuals that contribute to it. As a tester, developer, documenter, or translator, you can make a difference. See http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Join for details. For information on the channels of communication for Fedora users and contributors, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.
In addition to the website, the following mailing lists are available:
fedora-list@redhat.com, for users of Fedora releases
fedora-test-list@redhat.com, for testers of Fedora test releases
fedora-devel-list@redhat.com, for developers, developers, developers
fedora-docs-list@redhat.com, for participants of the Documentation Project
To subscribe to any of these lists, send an email with the word
"subscribe" in the subject to
<listname>-request
, where
<listname>
is one of the above list
names. Alternately, you can subscribe to Fedora mailing lists
through the Web interface at
http://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/.
The Fedora Project also uses several IRC (Internet Relay Chat) channels. IRC is a real-time, text-based form of communication, similar to Instant Messaging. With it, you may have conversations with multiple people in an open channel, or chat with someone privately one-on-one. To talk with other Fedora Project participants via IRC, access the Freenode IRC network. Refer to the Freenode website at http://www.freenode.net/ for more information.
Fedora Project participants frequent the #fedora channel on the Freenode network, while Fedora Project developers may often be found on the #fedora-devel channel. Some of the larger projects may have their own channels as well. This information may be found on the webpage for the project, and at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.
In order to talk on the #fedora channel, you need to register your nickname, or nick. Instructions are given when you /join the channel.
![]() |
IRC Channels |
---|---|
The Fedora Project and Red Hat have no control over the Fedora Project IRC channels or their content. |
As we use the term, a colophon:
recognizes contributors and provides accountability, and
explains tools and production methods.
Amanpreet Singh Alam (translator - Punjabi)
Andrew Martynov (translator - Russian)
Andrew Overholt (beat contributor)
Anthony Green (beat writer)
Brandon Holbrook (beat contributor)
Bob Jensen (beat writer)
Chris Lennert (beat writer)
Clint Savage (editor)
Dave Malcolm (beat writer)
David Eisenstein (beat writer)
David Woodhouse (beat writer)
Deepak Bhole (beat contributor)
Diego Burigo Zacarao (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Dimitris Glezos (translator - Greek, tools)
Domingo Becker (translator - Spanish)
Fabian Affolter (translator - German)
Francesco Tombolini (translator - Italian)
Gavin Henry (beat writer)
Hugo Cisneiros (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Igor Miletic (translator - Serbian)
Jeff Johnston (beat contributor)
Jens Petersen (beat writer)
Jesse Keating (beat contributor)
Joe Orton (beat writer)
Jose Nuno Coelho Pires (translator - Portuguese)
Josh Bressers (beat writer)
Karsten Wade (beat writer, editor, co-publisher)
Kyu Lee (beat contributor)
Lenka Celkova (translator - Slovak)
Licio Fonseca (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Luya Tshimbalanga (beat writer)
Magnus Larsson (translator - Swedish)
Marc Wiriadisastra (writer, editor)
Marek Mahut (translator - Slovak)
Martin Ball (beat writer)
Maxim Dziumanenko (translator - Ukrainian)
Murray McCallister (beat writer, editor)
Nikos Charonitakis (translator - Greek)
Orion Poplawski (beat contributor)
Patrick Barnes (beat writer, editor)
Paul W. Frields (tools, editor)
Pawel Sadowski (translator - Polish)
Patrick Ernzer (beat contributor)
Piotr Drag (translator - Polish)
Rahul Sundaram (beat writer, editor)
Sam Folk-Williams (beat writer)
Sekine Tatsuo (translator - Japanese)
Simos Xenitellis (translator - Greek)
Steve Dickson (beat writer)
Teta Bilianou (translator - Greek)
ThomasCanniot (translator - French)
Thomas Gier (translator - German)
Thomas Graf (beat writer)
Tommy Reynolds (tools)
Valnir Ferreira Jr. (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Ville-Pekka Vainio (translator - Finnish)
Will Woods (beat contributor)
Yoshinari Takaoka (translator, tools)
Yuan Yijun (translator - Simplified Chinese)
Zhang Yang (translator - simplified Chinese)
... and many more translators. Refer to the Web-updated version of these release notes as we add translators after release:
Beat writers produce the release notes directly on the Fedora Project Wiki. They collaborate with other subject matter experts during the test release phase of Fedora to explain important changes and enhancements. The editorial team ensures consistency and quality of the finished beats, and ports the Wiki material to DocBook XML in a revision control repository. At this point, the team of translators produces other language versions of the release notes, and then they become available to the general public as part of Fedora. The publication team also makes them, and subsequent errata, available via the Web.