Utgåvenoteringar för Fedora

Fedora Documentation Project

Version 8.92 (2008-03-17)

This document is released under the terms of the Open Publication License. For more details, read the full legalnotice in Avsnitt 3, ”Legal Notice”.

[Tips] Latest Release Notes on the Web

These release notes may be updated. Visit http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ to view the latest release notes for Fedora Core.

Revisionshistorik
Revision 8.92 2008-03-17 fdp

Release notes for F9 Preview Release


1. Välkommen till Fedora
2. Utgåvans höjdpunkter
2.1. Rundtur i Fedora
2.2. Nyheter i Fedora
2.2.1. Spins
2.2.2. Jigdo
2.2.3. Features
2.3. Vägkarta
3. Legal Notice
4. Återkoppling
4.1. Ge återkoppling på utgåvenoteringar för Fedora Software
4.2. Ge återkoppling på utgåvenoteringar
5. Installationsnoteringar
5.1. Förändringar i Anaconda
5.2. Installationsrelaterade problem
5.2.1. IDE Device Names
5.2.2. IDE-RAID
5.2.3. Installation med flera nätverkskort och PXE
5.2.4. HP ProLiant DL360 med Smart Array
5.2.5. Drivers Requiring Firmware
5.3. Uppgraderingsrelaterade problem
5.3.1. SCSI driver partition limits
5.3.2. Diskpartitioner måste märkas
5.3.3. Uppgradering jämfört med nyinstallation
6. Arkitekturspecifika noteringar
6.1. Stöd för multiarkitektur-RPM på 64-bitars plattformer (x86_64, ppc64)
6.2. Specifikt för Fedora på PPC
6.2.1. Hårdvarukrav för PPC
6.2.2. 4 KiB-sidor på 64-bitars maskiner
6.2.3. Apple-tangentbordet
6.2.4. Installationsnoteringar för PPC
6.2.5. PPC Specific Packages
6.3. Specifikt för Fedora på x86
6.3.1. Hårdvarukrav för x86
6.4. Specifikt för Fedora på x86_64
6.4.1. Hårdvarukrav för x86
7. Fedoras Live-avbilder
7.1. Tillgängliga avbilder
7.2. Användarinformation
7.3. Text Mode Installation
7.4. Direct Installation
7.4.1. Start från USB
7.4.2. Live USB Persistence
7.4.3. Skillnader mot en vanlig Fedora-installation
8. Paketnoteringar
8.1. Perl
8.2. Yum Changes
8.3. pam_mount
8.4. TeXLive
8.5. Utility Packages
9. Linux-kärnan
9.1. Version
9.2. Ändringslogg
9.3. Kärn-varianter
9.4. Förberedelser för kärnutveckling
9.5. Rapportera fel
10. Fedoras skrivbord
10.1. GNOME
10.1.1. Gvfs
10.1.2. GNOME Display Manager
10.2. KDE
10.2.1. Workspace Changes
10.2.2. Package and Application Changes
10.3. Bluetooth
10.4. XULRunner
10.5. Webbläsare
10.5.1. Enabling Flash Plugin
10.6. Disabling PC Speaker
10.7. International Clock Applet
10.8. Dictionaries Consolidated
11. Filsystem
11.1. Ext4 Preview
12. Webbservrar
12.1. PostgreSQL DBD Driver
12.2. TurboGears Applications
12.3. Drupal
13. E-postservrar
13.1. Sendmail
14. Utvecklingsverktyg
14.1. Verktyg
14.1.1. GCC-kompilatorsamlingen
14.1.2. Eclipse
14.2. KDE 4 Development Platform
15. Säkerhet
15.1. Security Enhancements
15.2. Allmän information
15.3. SELinux
15.4. Free IPA
16. Java
16.1. OpenJDK
16.2. OpenJDK Replaces IcedTea
16.3. Hantera Java Applets
16.4. Handling Web Start Applications
16.5. Fedora and JPackage
17. Systemtjänster
17.1. Upstart
18. Multimedia
18.1. Multimediaspelare
18.2. Ogg och Xiph.Org Foundation format
18.3. MP3, DVD och andra uteslutna multimedia-format
18.4. CD och DVD-författande och bränning
18.5. Skrivbordsinspelningar
18.6. Utökat stöd genom insticksmoduler
19. Spel och underhållning
20. Virtualisering
20.1. Kernel Integration Improvements
20.2. Improved Storage Management
20.3. PolicyKit Integration
20.4. Improved Remote Authentication
20.5. Other Improvements
21. Fönstersystemet X (grafik)
21.1. Faster X Start-up and Shutdown
21.2. Ändringar i X-konfigurationen
21.3. Noteringar om drivrutin för Intel
21.4. Videodrivrutiner från tredjepart
22. Databasservrar
22.1. MySQL
22.1.1. DBD-drivruttin
22.2. PostgreSQL
23. Internationalisering (i18n)
23.1. Language Coverage
23.1.1. Language Support Installation
23.1.2. Transifex
23.2. Fonts
23.2.1. Chinese fonts
23.2.2. Indic fonts
23.2.3. Japanese fonts
23.2.4. Nepali fonts
23.2.5. Thai fonts
23.3. Input Methods
23.3.1. im-chooser
23.3.2. Qt immodules
23.3.3. SCIM hotkeys
23.3.4. scim-python
23.3.5. scim-python-chinese
24. Bakåtkompatibilitet
24.1. Kompilatorkompatibilitet
24.2. KDE 3 Development Platform / Libraries
25. Paketförändringar
26. Fedora Project
27. Kolofon
27.1. Bidragsgivare
27.2. Produktionsmetoder

1. Välkommen till Fedora

Fedora Project är ett projekt i öppen källkod, sponsrat av Red Hat och stöds av en gemenskap. Dess mål är snabb utveckling av program och innehåll, i fri och öppen källkod. Fedora Project använder publika forum, öppna processer, snabba uppfinningar, styrs av kunskap och transparens för att göra det bästa operativsystem och plattform som fri och öppen källkod kan skapa.

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

[Viktigt] Older Release Notes on the Web

If you are migrating from a release of Fedora older than the immediately previous one, you should refer to older Release Notes for additional information. You can find older Release Notes at http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/.

You can help the Fedora Project community continue to improve Fedora if you file bug reports and enhancement requests. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugsAndFeatureRequests for more information about bugs. Thank you for your participation.

För att hitta mer generell information om Fedora, gå till följande webbplatser:

[Notera] Dokumentlänkar

Många länkar kanske inte fungerar som de ska inifrån installationsmiljön pga resursbegränsningar. Utgåvenoteringarna finns också tillgängliga efter installationen som en del av skrivbordets standardwebbläsarens hemsida. Om du är ansluten till Internet, använd dessa länkar för att hitta annan användbar information om Fedora och gemenskapen som skapar och stöder det.

2. Utgåvans höjdpunkter

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

2.1. Rundtur i Fedora

You can find a tour filled with pictures and videos of this exciting new release at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Tours/Fedora9.

2.2. Nyheter i Fedora

Denna utgåva inkluderar nya versioner av många nyckelprodukter och teknologier. Följande sektioner ger en kortfattad översikt av de stora ändringarna sedan förra utgåvan av Fedora.

2.2.1. Spins

Fedora includes several different spins, which are variations of Fedora built from a specific set of software packages. Each spin has a combination of software to meet the requirements of a specific kind of end user. In addition to a very small boot.iso image for network installation, users have the following spin choices:

  • A regular Fedora image for desktops, workstations, and server users. This spin provides a good upgrade path and similar environment for users of previous releases of Fedora.

  • One of several Live images that can be run from a disc or USB flash device, and can be installed to hard disk as desired. Refer to the "Live" section for more information about the Live images.

More custom spins are available at http://spins.fedoraproject.org. These Live images can be used on USB media via the livecd-iso-to-disk utility available in the livecd-tools package.

2.2.2. Jigdo

Fedora releases are also available via Jigdo. This distribution method can improve the speed of obtaining the installation ISO images. Instead of waiting for torrent downloads to complete, Jigdo seeks the fastest mirrors it can find via the Fedora Project Mirror Manager infrastructure, and downloads the bits it needs from these mirrors. To optimize seeking these bits, you can tell Jigdo to scan a DVD or CD you already have, and cut down on redundant downloads. This feature becomes particularly useful if you:

  1. Download all the test releases and then get the final release, in which case you have 90% of the data already with each subsequent download.

  2. Download both the DVD and the CD set, in which case the DVD holds 95% of the data needed for the CD sets.

  3. Download any combination of the above.

2.2.3. Features

  • This release features GNOME 2.22. GNOME now includes a webcam photo and video creation utility called Cheese, improved network filesystem support, a new international clock applet, Google Calendar support and custom email labels in Evolution, a new Remote Desktop Viewer, improved accessibility features, and PolicyKit integration.

  • Online Desktop provides a desktop experience designed around online services. A preview of Online Desktop is provided via BigBoard, which is a optional sidebar in GNOME.

  • KDE 4.0.2 is available in the KDE Live image as well as the regular DVD.

  • Xfce 4.4.2 is available as part of this release.

  • NetworkManager 0.7 provides improved mobile broadband support, including GSM and CDMA devices, and now supports multiple devices and ad-hoc networking for sharing connections.

  • PulseAudio is now installed and enabled by default. PulseAudio is an advanced sound server compatible with nearly all existing Linux sound systems. PulseAudio allows for hot-switching audio outputs, individual volume controls for each audio stream, networked audio, and more.

  • Compiz, the compositing window manager that brings eye candy and usability improvements to the desktop, is installed by default, and is easily enabled by both GNOME and KDE users via the SystemPreferencesDesktop Effects tool from the Fedora team. While Compiz is not yet robust or mature enough to be enabled by default, ongoing, long term X.Org work by Fedora developers continues. The expectation is that Fedora is going to enable Compiz by default in the next release.

  • Compiz Fusion, which re-merges Compiz and Beryl, is also available in the Fedora software repository. Users can easily install Compiz Fusion via ApplicationsAdd/Remove Programs tool or with yum.

  • The Fedora installer, Anaconda, now supports independent locations for the second stage installer and the software packages. A redesigned, larger boot.iso image now features a second stage installer partly for this reason.

  • The completely free and open source Java environment OpenJDK 6 is installed by default. IcedTea 7, derived from OpenJDK 1.7, is no longer the default. IcedTea includes a browser plugin based on GCJ, and is available for both x86 and x86_64 architectures. GCJ is still the default on PPC architecture.

  • OpenOffice.org 2.4, with many new features, is available as part of Fedora 9.

  • Bluetooth devices and tools now have better graphical and system integration.

  • Laptop users benefit from the "quirks" feature in HAL, including better suspend/resume and multimedia keyboard support.

  • The swfdec package, which decodes and renders Flash animations and videos, is now installed by default. However, many videos require additional codec support. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/AdditionalCodecs for more information.

  • Fedora now includes Perl 5.10.0, which features a smaller memory footprint and other improvements.

  • Eclipse 3.3.1 is available as part of this release.

  • PackageKit, a new set of graphical and console tools for cross-distribution software management, is installed by default in this release of Fedora. The PackageKit graphical updater is also installed by default, instead of Pup. Behind PackageKit , the performance of yum has been significantly improved. Pup and Pirut are still available in the software repositories for users that prefer them.

  • Transifex provides a web-based translation interface to allow users to contribute translation work for Fedora hosted projects as well as being able to provide translations directly to any upstream project.

  • Fedora now offers easier rebranding of Fedora derivatives via a generic-logos software package. Changes in Fedora's mirror structure also make creation of derivatives easier.

  • The pam_console module usage has been removed in favor of access control via HAL, which modernizes the desktop.

  • Input methods can now be started and stopped dynamically in the GNOME desktop.

  • This release of Fedora uses Upstart, an event-based replacement for the /sbin/init daemon.

  • Fedora now includes TeXLive to replace the older, unmaintained TeX distribution.

  • Fedora 9 features a 2.6.24 based kernel.

  • Work on the start-up and shutdown in X has yielded noticeable improvements.

2.3. Vägkarta

The proposed plans for the next release of Fedora are available at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/RoadMap.

3. Legal Notice

Copyright (c) 2007 by Red Hat, Inc. and others. This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0, available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/.

The Fedora Art Project created the admonition graphics (note, tip, important, caution, and warning). Tommy Reynolds created the callout graphics. They all may be freely redistributed with documentation produced for the Fedora Project.

FEDORA, FEDORA PROJECT, and the Fedora Logo are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., are registered or pending registration in the U.S. and other countries, and are used here under license to the Fedora Project.

Red Hat and the Red Hat "Shadow Man" logo are registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc. in the United States and other countries.

All other trademarks and copyrights referred to are the property of their respective owners.

Documentation, as with software itself, may be subject to export control. Read about Fedora Project export controls at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Export.

4. Återkoppling

Tack för att du tar dig tid att skicka dina kommentarer, förslag och felrapporter till Fedora gemenskapen. Genom att göra det, hjälper du till att förbättra Fedora, Linux och fri programvara över hela världen.

4.1. Ge återkoppling på utgåvenoteringar för Fedora Software

To provide feedback on Fedora software or other system elements, please refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugsAndFeatureRequests. A list of commonly reported bugs and known issues for this release is available from http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/F9Common.

4.2. Ge återkoppling på utgåvenoteringar

[Viktigt] Förslag endast för utgåvenoteringar

Denna sektion berör återkoppling på själva utgåvenoteringarna.

Om du tycker att dessa utgåvenoteringar kan förbättras på något sätt så kan du ge din återkoppling direkt till gebitskribenterna. Här är flera sätt att göra det på, sorterat på föredraget kontaktsätt:

  1. If you have a Fedora account, edit content directly at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats.

  2. Fyll i en felrapport genom att använda denna mall: http://tinyurl.com/nej3u - Denna länk är BARA för återkoppling om själva utgåvenoteringarna..

  3. Email relnotes@fedoraproject.org.

5. Installationsnoteringar

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

[Viktigt] Installationshandledning för Fedora

För information om hur man installerar Fedora, gå till http://docs.fedoraproject.org/install-guide/.

[Tips] Installationsproblem som inte finns med i dessa utgåvenoteringar

Om du stöter på problem eller har en fråga vid installationen, som inte finns med i dessa utgåvenoteringar, gå till http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FAQ och http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/Common.

Anaconda is the name of the Fedora installer. This section outlines issues related to Anaconda and installing Fedora 9.

[Notera] Nerladdning av stora filer

Om du planerar att ladda ner Fedora DVD ISO-avbild, kom ihåg att inte alla verktyg för filnedladdning klarar filer större än 2GiB i storlek. wget 1.9.1-16 och senare, curl och ncftpget har inte denna begränsning. BitTorrent är en annan metod för att ladda ner stora filer. För information om att hämta och använda torrent-filen, gå till http://torrent.fedoraproject.org/.

Anaconda tests the integrity of installation media by default. This function works with the CD, DVD, hard drive ISO, and NFS ISO installation methods. The Fedora Project recommends that you test all installation media before starting the installation process and before reporting any installation-related bugs. Many of the bugs reported are actually due to improperly-burned CDs or DVDs.

The mediacheck function is highly sensitive, and may report some usable discs as faulty. This result is often caused by disc writing software that does not include padding when creating discs from ISO files. To use this test, at boot time hit any key to enter the menu. Then press the Tab key, add the option mediacheck to the parameter list, and press Enter.

After you complete the mediacheck function successfully, reboot to return the system to its normal state. On many systems, this results in a faster installation process from the disc. You may skip the mediacheck option when rebooting.

[Viktigt] BitTorrent verifierar filintegriteten automatiskt

Om du använder BitTorrent, valideras alla filer du laddar ner automatiskt. Om nerladdningen av din fil lyckas, behöver du inte kontrollera den. När du har bränt din CD däremot, ska du fortfarande använda mediacheck för att validera integriteten av media.

To perform memory testing before you install Fedora, press any key to enter the boot menu, then select Memory Test. This option runs the Memtest86 stand alone memory testing software in place of Anaconda. Memtest86 memory testing continues until you press the Esc key.

[Notera] Memtest86 Tillgänglighet

Du måste starta från installationsskiva 1, DVD eller en räddningsskiva för att kunna använda denna funktion.

Fedora 9 supports graphical FTP and HTTP installations. However, the installer image must either fit in RAM or appear on local storage, such as Installation Disc 1. Therefore, only systems with more than 192MiB of RAM, or which boot from Installation Disc 1, can use the graphical installer. Systems with 192MiB RAM or less fall back to using the text-based installer automatically. If you prefer to use the text-based installer, type linux text at the boot: prompt.

5.1. Förändringar i Anaconda

  • Built-in features for resizing ext2, ext3, and ntfs partitions.

  • Encrypted partition support.

  • Consolidated network booting ISO image, replacing old boot.iso, diskboot.img, and rescuecd.iso.

  • Second stage installer location now independent of software package location.

  • Experimental support for installing to ext4 partitions, with the iamanext4developer boot option.

  • Native installation to x86_64 machines using EFI and booting via grub.

  • Hardware probing and detection now based on HAL and udev.

  • Support for persistence in Live images on USB flash media.

5.2.1. IDE Device Names

Use of /dev/hdX on i386 and x86_64 for IDE drives has changed to /dev/sdX. See notes about the importance of labeling devices for upgrades from releases before Fedora 7, and partition limitations.

5.2.2. IDE-RAID

Not all IDE RAID controllers are supported. If your RAID controller is not yet supported by dmraid , you may combine drives into RAID arrays by configuring Linux software RAID. For supported controllers, configure the RAID functions in the computer BIOS.

5.2.3. Installation med flera nätverkskort och PXE

En del servrar med flera nätverkskort kanske inte tilldelar eth0 till det första nätverkskortet som BIOS kallar det, vilket kan orsaka installationsprogrammet att försöker använda ett annat nätverkskort än vad som användes av PXE. För att ändra detta beteende, använd följande i konfigfilerna pxelinux.cfg/*:

IPAPPEND 2 
APPEND ksdevice=bootif

Konfigurationsflaggorna ovan gör att installationsprogrammet använder samma nätverksgränssnitt som BIOS och PXE använder. Du kan också använda följande flagga:

ksdevice=link 

Denna flagga gör att installationsprogrammet använder den första nätverksenhet den hittar som är länkad till en nätverks-switch.

5.2.4. HP ProLiant DL360 med Smart Array

Om du har problem med att denna installation inte upptäcker "Smart Array"-kortet, prova skriva linux isa på installationsprompten. Detta gör att du kan manuellt välja kortet.

5.2.5. Drivers Requiring Firmware

Currently, Anaconda is not able to load userland firmware. This means that any devices with a driver that relies on loaded firmware will not be supported at install time. This includes all QLogic storage controllers.

Gå till http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/DistributionUpgrades för detaljerade rekommenderade procedurer för uppgradering av Fedora.

5.3.1. SCSI driver partition limits

Whereas older IDE drivers supported up to 63 partitions per device, SCSI devices are limited to 15 partitions per device. Anaconda uses the new libata driver in the same fashion as the rest of Fedora, so it is unable to detect more than 15 partitions on an IDE disk during the installation or upgrade process.

If you are upgrading a system with more than 15 partitions, you may need to migrate the disk to Logical Volume Management (LVM). This restriction may cause conflicts with other installed systems if they do not support LVM. Most modern Linux distributions support LVM, and drivers are available for other operating systems as well.

5.3.2. Diskpartitioner måste märkas

En ändring i sättet som linux-kärnan hanterar lagringsenheter betyder att enhetsnamn som /dev/hdX eller /dev/sdX kan skilja från värden som används i tidigare utgåvor. Anaconda löser detta problem genom att förlita sig på partitionsmärkningar. Om dessa märkningar inte finns, så kommer Anaconda ge en varning som visar att partitioner behöver märkas och att uppgraderingen inte kan fortsätta. System som använder Logical Volume Management (LVM) och enhetskartläggaren behöver oftast inte utföra ommärkning.

5.3.2.1. Kontroll av diskpartitionsmärkningar

För att visa partitionsmärkningar, starta befintlig Fedora-installation och ange följande på en terminal-prompt:

/sbin/blkid

Verifiera att varje volymrad i listan har en LABEL= -värde, enligt nedanstående:

/dev/hdd1: LABEL="/boot" UUID="ec6a9d6c-6f05-487e-a8bd-a2594b854406" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3"
5.3.2.2. Uppdatera filsystemets monteringspunkter

Om några filsystemsmärkningar lagts till eller ändrats så måste enhetsnamnen i /etc/fstab ändras så att de matchar:

su -c "cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig"
su -c "gedit /etc/fstab"

Ett exempel på en montering genom märkningsnamn är:

LABEL=f7-slash  /  ext3  defaults  1 1
5.3.2.3. Uppdatera grub.conf kärnrot

Om märkning för / (root)-filsystemet ändrats, måste även kärnstarts parametern i grub-konfigurationen ändras:

su -c "gedit /boot/grub/grub.conf"

En matchande exempel för en kärn-grub-rad är:

kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.20-1.2948.fc6 ro root=LABEL=f7-slash rhgb quiet
5.3.2.4. Testa ändringar gjorda för märkningar

Om partitionsmärkningar justerats eller filen /etc/fstab ändrats, starta befintlig Fedora-installation för att verifiera att alla partitioner fortfarande monteras normalt och inloggning lyckas. När det är klart starta om med installationsmedia för att starta installationsprogrammet och börja uppgraderingen.

5.3.3. Uppgradering jämfört med nyinstallation

Generellt sett rekommenderas nyinstallationer framför uppgraderingar, speciellt för system som inkluderar tredjeparts-datalager. Tredjeparts-paket som är kvar från tidigare installation kanske inte fungerar som väntat efter en uppgradering av Fedora. Om du ändå väljer att uppgradera, följande information kan vara till hjälp:

  • Innan du uppgraderar ska du ta en säkerhetskopia på systemet. Spara speciellt /etc, /home och möjligen /opt och /usr/local om anpassade paket är installerade där. Du kanske ska använda en multistarts-ansats med en "klon" av den gamla installationen på en separat partition som säkerhet. I så fall, skapa ett alternativt startmedia som t.ex. en GRUB-startdiskett.

    [Tips] Säkerhetskopior av systemkonfigurationen

    Säkerhetskopior av konfigurationer i /etc är också användbart för att återskapa systeminställningar efter en ny installation.

  • Efter du slutfört uppgraderingeringen, kör följande kommando:

    rpm -qa --last > RPMS_by_Install_Time.txt 
    

    Inspektera slutet på utskriften för paket som är daterade före uppgraderingen. Ta bort eller uppgradera de paket från tredjeparts-datalager, eller åtgärda dem om så är nödvändigt. En del paket som installerats tidigare kanske inte längre finns i något datalager. För att installera dessa paket använd följande kommando:

    su -c "yum list extras"

6. Arkitekturspecifika noteringar

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Denna sektion innehåller noteringar som är specifika för de maskinvaru-arkitekturer som stöds av Fedora.

6.1. Stöd för multiarkitektur-RPM på 64-bitars plattformer (x86_64, ppc64)

RPM supports parallel installation of multiple architectures of the same package. A default package listing such as rpm -qa might appear to include duplicate packages, since the architecture is not displayed. Instead, use the repoquery command, part of the yum-utils package, which displays architecture by default. To install yum-utils , run the following command:

su -c "yum install yum-utils"

För att lista alla paket med deras arkitekturer, genom att använda rpm, kör följande kommando:

rpm -qa --queryformat "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n"

Du kan lägga till detta till /etc/rpm/macros (för en system-vid inställning) eller ~/.rpmmacros (för en per-användare inställning). Det ändrar standardförfrågan till att skriva ut arkitekturen:

%_query_all_fmt      %%{name}-%%{version}-%%{release}.%%{arch}

6.2. Specifikt för Fedora på PPC

Denna sektion innehåller information om Fedora och maskinvaruplattformen PPC.

6.2.1. Hårdvarukrav för PPC

6.2.1.1. Processor och minne

  • Minimum CPU: PowerPC G3 / POWER3.

  • Fedora 9 supports only the "New World" generation of Apple Power Macintosh, shipped from circa 1999 onward.

  • Fedora 9 also supports IBM pSeries, IBM iSeries, IBM RS/6000, Genesi Pegasos II, and IBM Cell Broadband Engine machines.

  • Fedora 9 includes new hardware support for Genesi Efika, and for the Sony PlayStation 3.

  • Rekommenderat för textläge: 233 MHz G3 eller bättre, 128 MB RAM.

  • Rekommenderad för grafiskt läge: 400 MHz G3 eller bättre, 256 MB RAM.

6.2.1.2. Hårddiskutrymme

The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk space taken up by Fedora 9 after installation is complete. However, additional disk space is required during installation to support the installation environment. This additional disk space corresponds to the size of /Fedora/base/stage2.img (on Installation Disc 1) plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm on the installed system.

I praktiken så kan ytterligare utrymmeskrav variera från så lite som 90 MiB för en minimal installation till så mycket som 175 MiB extra för en installation som innehåller nästan alla paket. Alla paket kan totalt ta upp över 9 GiB av diskutrymme.

Ytterligare utrymme behövs för användar-data, och minst 5% fritt utrymme måste bibehållas för ett fungerande system.

6.2.2. 4 KiB-sidor på 64-bitars maskiner

Efter ett kort experiment med 64KiB-sidor i Fedora Core 6, har nu PowerPC64-kärnan bytt tillbaka till 4KiB-sidor. Installationsprogrammet ska omformattera eventuella växlingpartitioner automatiskt vid en uppgradering.

6.2.3. Apple-tangentbordet

Tangenten Option på Apple-system är likvärdig med tangentenAlt på en PC. När dokumentationen och installationen hänvisar till tangenten Alt, använd tangenten Option. För en del tangentkombinationer måste du använda tangenten Option i kombination med tangenten Fn, som Option+Fn+F3 för att växla till virtuella terminalen tty3.

6.2.4. Installationsnoteringar för PPC

Installationsskiva 1 för Fedora är uppstartningsbar på maskinvara som stöds. Dessutom finns en startbar CD-avbild i katalogen images/ på skivan. Dessa avbilder uppför sig olika beroende på ditt systems hårdvara:

  • On most machines, the bootloader automatically boots the appropriate 32-bit or 64-bit installer from the install disc.

  • 64-bit IBM pSeries (POWER4/POWER5), nuvarande iSeries-modeller. Efter använt OpenFirmware för att starta CD:n, startar startprogrammet yaboot automatiskt 64-bitars installationsprogrammet.

  • IBM "Legacy" iSeries (POWER4). Så kallad "Legacy" iSeries models, som inte använder OpenFirmware, kräver användning av uppstartsavbild placerad i katalogen images/iSeries för installationsträdet.

  • 32-bit CHRP (IBM RS/6000 och andra). Efter du använt OpenFirmware för att starta upp CD:n, välj uppstartsavbilden linux32boot:-prompten för att starta 32-bitars installationsprogrammet. Annars kommer 64-bitars installationsprogrammet starta och misslyckas.

  • Genesi Pegasos II. När detta skrevs, har firmware med fullt stöd för ISO9660-filsystem inte ännu släppts för Pegasos. Du kan dock använda nätverksstart-avbilden image.På OpenFirmware-prompten, ange följande kommando:

    boot cd: /images/netboot/ppc32.img

    You must also manually configure OpenFirmware on the Pegasos to make the installed Fedora system bootable. To do this, set the boot-device and boot-file environment variables appropriately.

  • Genesi Efika 5200B.  To run Linux correctly on the Efika, download the "Device Tree Supplement" from http://www.powerdeveloper.org/platforms/efika/devicetree and install according to the documentation therein. At the time of writing, the firmware of the Efika has bugs which prevent correct operation of the yaboot bootloader. Genesi stated that a fixed firmware would be made available by April 2007. As of November 2007, it is not yet available.

  • Sony PlayStation 3.  For installation on PlayStation 3, first update to firmware 1.60 or later. The "Other OS" boot loader must be installed into the flash, following the instructions at http://www.playstation.com/ps3-openplatform/manual.html. A suitable boot loader image can be found on Sony's "ADDON" CD, available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/geoff/cell/.

    Once the boot loader is installed, the PlayStation 3 should be able to boot from the Fedora install media. Type linux64 xdriver=fbdev at the boot prompt, which will work around https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=370761. Please note that network installation works best with NFS, since that takes less memory than FTP or HTTP methods. Using the text option also reduces the amount of memory taken by the installer.

    For more information on Fedora and the PlayStation3 or Fedora on PowerPC in general, join the Fedora-PPC mailing list or the #fedora-ppc channel on FreeNode.

  • Start från nätverket.  Combined images containing the installer kernel and ramdisk are located in the images/netboot/ directory of the installation tree. They are intended for network booting with TFTP, but can be used in many ways.

    Startprogrammet yaboot stöder TFTP-start för IBM pSeries och Apple Macintosh. Fedora Project uppmuntrar användandet av yaboot framför netboot-avbilder.

6.2.5. PPC Specific Packages

ppc64-utils has been split out into individual packages reflecting upstream packaging (ps3pf-utils, powerpc-utils, powerpc-utils-papr). The mkzimage command is no longer supplied, you can use the wrapper script from kernel-bootwrapper package - eg:

wrapper -i initrd-${KERN_VERSION}.img -o zImage-${KERN_VERSION}.img vmlinuz-${KERN_VERSION} 

6.3. Specifikt för Fedora på x86

Denna sektion innehåller information specifik för Fedora och hårdvaruplattformen x86.

6.3.1. Hårdvarukrav för x86

In order to use specific features of Fedora 9 during or after installation, you may need to know details of other hardware components such as video and network cards.

6.3.1.1. Processor och minne

Följande CPU-specifikationer är angivna i jämförelse med Intel processorer. Andra processorer, som de från AMD, Cyrix, och VIA som är kompatibla med och likvärdiga med följande Intel processors, kan också användas med Fedora.

Fedora 9 requires an Intel Pentium or better processor, and is optimized for Pentium 4 and later processors.

  • Recommended for text-mode: 200 MHz Pentium-class or better.

  • Recommended for graphical: 400 MHz Pentium II or better.

  • Minimum RAM for text-mode: 128MiB.

  • Minimum RAM for graphical: 192MiB.

  • Recommended RAM for graphical: 256MiB.

6.3.1.2. Hårddiskutrymme

The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk space taken up by Fedora 9 after the installation is complete. However, additional disk space is required during the installation to support the installation environment. This additional disk space corresponds to the size of /Fedora/base/stage2.img on Installation Disc 1 plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm on the installed system.

I praktiken så kan ytterligare utrymmeskrav variera från så lite som 90 MiB för en minimal installation till så mycket som 175 MiB extra för en installation som innehåller nästan alla paket. Alla paket kan totalt ta upp över 9 GiB av diskutrymme.

Ytterligare utrymme behövs för användar-data, och minst 5% fritt utrymme måste bibehållas för ett fungerande system.

6.4. Specifikt för Fedora på x86_64

Denna sektion innehåller specifik information om Fedora och x86_64 hårdvaruplattformen.

6.4.1. Hårdvarukrav för x86

In order to use specific features of Fedora 9 during or after installation, you may need to know details of other hardware components such as video and network cards.

6.4.1.1. Minneskrav för x86_64

  • Minimum RAM for text-mode: 256MiB.

  • Minimum RAM for graphical: 384MiB.

  • Recommended RAM for graphical: 512MiB.

6.4.1.2. Hårddiskutrymmeskrav för x86_64

The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk space taken up by Fedora 9 after the installation is complete. However, additional disk space is required during the installation to support the installation environment. This additional disk space corresponds to the size of /Fedora/base/stage2.img on Installation Disc 1 plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm on the installed system.

I praktiken så kan ytterligare utrymmeskrav variera från så lite som 90 MiB för en minimal installation till så mycket som 175 MiB extra för en installation som innehåller nästan alla paket. Alla paket kan totalt ta upp över 9 GiB av diskutrymme.

Ytterligare utrymme behövs för användar-data, och minst 5% fritt utrymme måste bibehållas för ett fungerande system.

7. Fedoras Live-avbilder

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

The Fedora release includes several live ISO images in addition to the traditional installation images. These ISO images are bootable, and you can burn them to media and use them to try out Fedora. They also include a feature that allows you to install the Live image content to your hard drive for persistence and higher performance.

7.1. Tillgängliga avbilder

For a complete list of current spins available, and instructions for using them, refer to:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/CustomSpins

7.2. Användarinformation

För att starta från Live-avbilden sätt i skivan i din dator och starta om. För att logga in och använda skrivbordsmiljön ange användarnamnet fedora. Tryck Returpå lösenordsprompten, eftersom det inte finns något lösenord för detta konto. Live-avbilden loggar inte in automatiskt så att användare kan välja önskat språk först. Efter du loggat in kan du, om du vill, installera innehållet från live-avbilden till din hårddisk, genom att klicka på skrivbordsikonen Installera till hårddisk.

[Notera] Inget i586-stöd

i686 Live-avbilderna kan inte startas på en i586-maskin.

7.3. Text Mode Installation

You can do a text mode installation of the Live images using the liveinst command in the console.

7.4. Direct Installation

You can add liveinst or textinst as a boot loader option to perform a direct installation without booting up the live CD/DVD.

7.4.1. Start från USB

Ett annat sätt att använda dessa Live-avbilder är att lägga dem på en USB-minnessticka. För att göra detta, installera paketet livecd-tools från utvecklingsdatalagret. Kör sedan skriptet livecd-iso-to-disk:

/usr/bin/livecd-iso-to-disk /path/to/live.iso /dev/sdb1

Ersätt /dev/sdb1 med den partition där du vill lägga avbilden.

Detta är inte en destruktiv process; den data du på din USB-sticka behålls.

7.4.2. Live USB Persistence

Work has continued to better integrate the Live images with the rest of the system, and improve the tools used for building them. The livecd-creator utility now also provides an API for building alternative front-ends as well as tools for other types of images.

The initial work to support persistent changes with a Live image has also landed. The primary use case is booting from a Live image on a USB flash drive and storing changes to that same device. To do this, download the Live image and then run the following command:

livecd-iso-to-disk --overlay-size-mb 512 /path/to/live.iso /dev/sdb1

Ersätt /dev/sdb1 med den partition där du vill lägga avbilden.

Replace 512 with the desired size in megabytes of the persistent data, or overlay. The livecd-iso-to-disk shell script is stored in the LiveOS directory at the top level of the CD image. The USB media must have sufficient free space for the Live image, plus the overlay, plus any other data to be stored on the media.

7.4.3. Skillnader mot en vanlig Fedora-installation

Följande saker skiljer en normal Fedora-installation från en med live-avbilder.

  • Live images provide a subset of packages available in the regular DVD image. Both connect to the same repository that has all the packages.

  • SSH is disabled by default and NetworkManager is enabled by default in the Live images. SSH is disabled because the default username in the Live images does not have any password. Installation to hard disk prompts for creating a new user name and password however. NetworkManager is enabled by default since Live images target desktop users.

  • Live image installations do not allow any package selection or upgrade capability since they copy entire the filesystem from media to hard disk or USB disks. After the installation is complete and rebooted, packages can be added and removed as desired with yum or the other software management tools.

  • Live images do not work on i586 architecture.

8. Paketnoteringar

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These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

The following sections contain information regarding software packages that have undergone significant changes for Fedora 9. For easier access, they are generally organized using the same groups that are shown in the installation system.

8.1. Perl

Fedora 9 now includes Perl 5.10.0, the first "major" release update in perl5 in some time. The Perl interpreter itself is faster with a smaller memory footprint, and has several UTF-8 and threading improvements. The Perl installation is now relocatable, a blessing for systems administrators and operating system packagers. Perl 5.10.0 also adds a new smart match operator, a switch statement, named captures, state variables, and better error messages.

For more information, refer to:

http://perldoc.perl.org/perldelta.html

8.2. Yum Changes

The installonlyn plugin functionality has been folded into the core yum package. The installonlypkgs and installonly_limit options are used by default to limit the system to retain only two kernel packages. You can adjust the package set or the number of packages, or disable the option entirely to match your preferences. More details are available in the man page for yum.conf.

The yum command now retries when it detects a lock. This function is useful if a daemon is checking for updates, or if you are running yum and one of its graphical frontends simultaneously.

The yum command now understands a cost parameter in its configuration file, which is the relative cost of accessing a software repository. It is useful for weighing one software repository's packages as greater or less than any other. The cost parameter defaults to 1000, with lower costs given priority.

8.3. pam_mount

The pam_mount facility now uses a configuration file written in XML. The /etc/security/pam_mount.conf file will be converted to /etc/security/pam_mount.conf.xml during update with /usr/bin/convert_pam_mount_conf.pl, which removes all comments. Any per-user configuration files must be converted manually, with the conversion script if desired. A sample pam_mount.conf.xml file with detailed comments about the available options appears at /usr/share/doc/pam_mount-*/pam_mount.conf.xml.

8.4. TeXLive

TeXLive is a replacement for the old, unmaintained TeX package. It offers new style packages and fixes many security problems with the old distribution.

8.5. Utility Packages

The i810switch package has been removed. This functionality is now available through the xrandr command in the xorg-x11-server-utils package.

The evolution-exchange package replaces evolution-connector , and provides a capability under the old name.

The system-config-firewall and system-config-selinux packages replace system-config-security-level . The system-config-selinux package is part of the policycoreutils-gui package.

9. Linux-kärnan

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These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

This section covers changes and important information regarding the 2.6.24 based kernel in Fedora 9. The 2.6.24 kernel includes:

  • Tickless support for x86 64-bit systems (32-bit was added previously), which greatly improves power management.

  • En del element av projektet för realtidskärna.

  • The kernel has a new version naming scheme to more closely match the upstream version naming scheme.

  • The kernel spec file is now named kernel.spec rather than kernel-2.6.spec.

  • The kernel spec file has new macros that ease the kernel building process. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/CustomKernel for further information.

  • The kernel in Fedora 9 no longer loads modules by default for ISA sound cards. Load the module by hand using the command modprobe module-name, or put an entry in /etc/modprobe.conf. For example, for the Creative SoundBlaster AWE64, add the following entry:

    install snd-sbawe
  • The Fedora kernel offers paravirt_ops support in domU, as part of the kernel team's efforts to reduce the work required to produce current Xen kernels.

  • Xen fully virtualized guests can directly boot a kernel and initrd image and pass kernel boot args. For more details refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XenFullvirtKernelBoot.

9.1. Version

Fedora kan innehålla fixar för förbättringar och felrättningar eller fler funktioner. Därför kan Fedora-kärnan inte vara identisk rad-för-rad med den så kallade vanilj-kärnan från kernel.org webbplatsen:

http://www.kernel.org/

För att få tag i en lista över programfixar, ladda ner RPM-paketet med källkoden och kör följande kommando mot den:

rpm -qpl kernel-<version>.src.rpm 

9.2. Ändringslogg

För att få en logg med de ändringar i paketet som gjorts kan du köra följande kommando:

rpm -q --changelog kernel-<version> 

If you need a user friendly version of the changelog, refer to http://wiki.kernelnewbies.org/LinuxChanges. A short and full diff of the kernel is available from http://kernel.org/git. The Fedora version kernel is based on the Linus tree.

Customizations made for the Fedora version are available from http://cvs.fedoraproject.org.

9.3. Kärn-varianter

Fedora 9 includes the following kernel builds:

  • Native kernel, for use in most systems. Configured sources are available in the kernel-devel package.

  • The kernel-PAE, for use in 32-bit x86 systems with more than 4GB of RAM, or with CPUs that have an NX (No eXecute) feature. This kernel support both uniprocessor and multi-processor systems. Configured sources are available in the kernel-PAE-devel package.

  • Virtualization kernel for use with the Xen emulator package. Configured sources are available in the kernel-xen-devel package.

You may install kernel headers for all kernel flavors at the same time. The files are installed in the /usr/src/kernels/version[-PAE|-xen|-kdump]-arch/ tree. Use the following command:

su -c "yum install kernel{,-PAE,-xen,-kdump}-devel" 

Välj en eller flera av dessa varianter, separerade med komman och inga mellanslag, som det passar. Ange lösenordet för root när så krävs.

[Notera] x86 Kernel Includes Kdump

Both the x86_64 and the i686 kernels are now relocatable, so they no longer require a separate kernel for kdump capability. PPC64 still requires a separate kdump kernel.

[Notera] Standardkärnan stöder SMP

Det finns ingen separat SMP-kärna tillgänglig för Fedora på i386, x86_64 och ppc64. Multiprocessorstöd är nu tillgängligt i grundkärnan.

[Notera] Stöd för kärna på PowerPC

Det finns inget stöd för Xen eller kdump för PowerPC-arkitekturen i Fedora 32-bit PowerPC har fortfarande en separat SMP-kärna.

9.4. Förberedelser för kärnutveckling

Fedora 9 does not include the kernel-source package provided by older versions since only the kernel-devel package is required now to build external modules. Configured sources are available, as described in Avsnitt 9.3, ”Kärn-varianter”.

[Viktigt] Anpassad kärnbyggnad

För att lära dig mer om kärnutveckling och arbeta med anpassade kärnor, gå till http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/CustomKernel.

9.5. Rapportera fel

Refer to http://kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html for information on reporting bugs in the Linux kernel. You may also use http://bugzilla.redhat.com for reporting bugs that are specific to Fedora.

10. Fedoras skrivbord

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Denna sektion beskriver ändringar som påverkar användare av Fedoras grafiska skrivbord.

10.1. GNOME

This release features GNOME 2.22.

GNOMEs startskärm har avsiktligt inaktiverats uppströms. För att aktivera den, använd gconf-editor eller följande kommando:

gconftool-2 --set /apps/gnome-session/options/show_splash_screen --type bool true 

Dialogtemat för låsskärmen är inte ansluten till den valda skärmsläckaren i denna utgåva. För att aktivera den, använd gconf-editor ellerföljande kommando:

gconftool-2 --set  --type string /apps/gnome-screensaver/lock_dialog_theme  "system"  

10.1.1. Gvfs

GNOME 2.22 features the new Gvfs, a userspace virtual file-system with back-ends for sftp, ftp, dav, smb, obexftp, and others. The Gvfs system is the replacement/successor of gnome-vfs.

Gvfs consists of two parts:

  • GIO, which is a new shared library that is part of GLib and provides the API for gvfs

  • Gvfs itself, a package that contains back-ends for the various file system types and protocols

The Gvfs system runs a single master daemon, gvfsd, that keeps track of the current gvfs mounts. Most mounts are run in a separate daemon process. Clients talk to the mounts with a combination of DBus calls (on the session bus and using peer-to-peer DBus) and a custom protocol for file contents.

A few file-system types previously supported by gnome-vfs may not be yet supported by gvfs. Work continues to provide completed solutions for all these types.

10.1.2. GNOME Display Manager

The GNOME Display Manager (gdm) has been updated to the latest upstream code. PolicyKit can be used to control shutdown and reboot. The configuration tool gdmsetup is set to be replaced. New features available on the login screen include:

  • nicer graphical effects

  • power management and monitoring on the login screen, so the laptop hibernates or shuts down when the battery gets low

  • smarter user list

  • keyboard layout selector on the login screen

For more information on this feature:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/NewGdm

10.2. KDE

This release features KDE 4.0.2. As the kdepim and kdevelop packages are not part of KDE 4.0 and kdewebdev is only partially available (no Quanta) in KDE 4.0, the KDE 3.5.9 versions of those packages are shipped.

KDE 4.0 features upgrades to core components such as the port to Qt 4. It also introduces a number of brand new frameworks such as the Phonon, a multimedia API; Solid, a hardware integration framework; Plasma, a re-written desktop and panel with many new concepts; integrated desktop search; compositing as a feature of KWin; and a brand new visual style called Oxygen. KDE 4.0.2 is a bugfix release from the KDE 4.0 release series.

Fedora 9 does not include the legacy KDE 3 Desktop. It does include a compatibility KDE 3 Development Platform, which can be used to build and run KDE 3 applications within KDE 4 or any other desktop environment. Refer to the Backwards Compatibility section for more details about what is included.

Since networkmanager does not work with the version of NetworkManager available in this release, the KDE Live images use nm-applet from NetworkManager-gnome as a replacement. The gnome-keyring-daemon facility saves passwords for these encryption technologies. (The dummy knetworkmanager package from Fedora 8 that only called nm-applet is no longer used.)

As the native KWin window manager now optionally supports compositing and desktop effects, the KDE Live images no longer include Compiz/Beryl. The KWin compositing/effects mode is disabled by default, but can be enabled in systemsettings.

10.2.1. Workspace Changes

  • Plasma replaces the old Kicker and KDesktop. Plasma manages both the panel and the desktop, and it is now possible to place the same Plasma applets (plasmoids) on both the panel and the desktop if the applet supports the size restrictions imposed by the panel.

  • The old KDE Control Center (KControl) has been replaced by System Settings (systemsettings).

  • The KDM login manager uses a new theme format. Therefore, KDM themes written for KDE 3 do not work with the KDM in KDE 4. KDM now includes support for theme configuration, thus the external kdmtheme tool is no longer needed.

All the above applications can be found in the kdebase-workspace package.

10.2.2. Package and Application Changes

  • The packages qt , kdelibs , and kdebase now represent the KDE 4 version, obsoleting the qt4 , kdelibs4 , and kdebase4 packages in previous releases of Fedora.

  • The Qt/KDE 3 versions have been renamed qt3 , kdelibs3 , and kdebase3 . Fedora 9 only includes parts of kdebase3 . Refer to the Backwards Compatibility section for details.

  • Upstream KDE has split the kdebase module into three modules: kdebase-runtime , kdebase (sometimes called kdebase-apps to distinguish it from the old monolithic kdebase ), and kdebase-workspace . This split is reflected in the Fedora packages.

  • Fedora 9 adds a kdegames3 package containing the games not yet ported to KDE 4.

  • Dolphin, which is part of kdebase , replaces d3lphin .

  • The kdebase-workspace package now includes support for KDM theme configuration, and therefore obsoletes kdmtheme .

  • Okular replaces KPDF, KGhostView, and KFax in kdegraphics .

  • The package kaider replaces KBabel, which used to be part of kdesdk .

  • The okteta package replaces KHexEdit, which used to be part of kdeutils .

  • The packages kalgebra and marble are now part of kdeedu .

  • The ksudoku package is now part of kdegames .

  • The package gwenview is now part of kdegraphics .

  • The kiconedit and kcoloredit packages, which used to be part of kdegraphics , are now separate packages.

  • The package kmid , which used to be part of kdemultimedia , is now a separate package.

  • The Fedora KDE SIG decided to drop the -extras sub-packages, which contained deprecated or unstable applications, because those applications have been either fixed or dropped in KDE 4.

  • The package kdeadmin-kpackage has been split out of kdeadmin because KPackage now depends on smart .

  • KDE 4 dropped the kdeaddons module. Therefore, there is no kdeaddons package in Fedora 9. The Atlantik Designer, for use with kdegames3 , is still available as kdeaddons-atlantikdesigner . The package ksig is now its own package, and extragear-plasma replaces the Kicker addons. The Konqueror plugins are being packaged as a separate konq-plugins package.

10.3. Bluetooth

The Bluetooth feature in Fedora 9 (http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/BluetoothFedora9) has several enhancements specific to this release. The future generations of this feature is covered with greater detail at:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureBluetooth

File sending to a Bluetooth device is now handled with the bluetooth-sendto program from the bluez-gnome package, which replaces gnome-obex-sen. Send a file in Nautilus from the Send to... function in the right-click context menu.

Pulling files from a Bluetooth device is now included in gnome-user-share , which has ObexFTP and ObexPush support built-in. Share files via SystemPreferencesInternet and NetworkPersonal File SharingShare Public files over Bluetooth (ObexFTP support), or pull files using ObexPush with PersonalFile SharingReceive files in Downloads folder over Bluetooth.

Files on the remote Bluetooth device can be viewed directly in Nautilus through GVFS, which supports Bluetooth devices. Synchronizing a Bluetooth device with a personal information manager (PIM) device is done using gnome-pilot

Browsing of Bluetooth devices is done via the right-click context menu from the Bluetooth icon on the desktop panel.

10.4. XULRunner

Applications that require the Gecko engine have had to depend on the entirety of Firefox. XULRunner is the Mozilla effort to split the browser engine for applications that require only that functionality, and no user interface parts. This split provides more API/ABI stability and a cleaner build environment for applications using Gecko. Many of the applications in Fedora that previously used Gecko now are built against XULRunner.

For a current status, visit http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XULRunner. To help with development, visit http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureXULRunnerAPIChanges.

For full upstream documentation, refer to http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/XULRunner.

10.5. Webbläsare

This release of Fedora includes version 3.0 of the popular Firefox web browser. Refer to http://firefox.com/ for more information about Firefox. The nspluginwrapper package is included by default even on 32-bit systems since it separates the plugins to run in their own address space, which increases security and reliability of the browser.

For information about Firefox 3.0 in Fedora, refer to this feature page:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/Firefox3

10.5.1. Enabling Flash Plugin

Fedora includes swfdec and gnash , which are free and open source implementations of Flash. We encourage you to try either or them before seeking out Adobe's proprietary Flash plugin software.

Users of Fedora x86_64 must install the nspluginwrapper.i386 package to enable the 32-bit Adobe Flash plugin in x86_64 Firefox and the pulseaudio-libs.i386 package to enable sound from the plugin.

  1. Create the 32bit mozilla plugin directory:

    su -c "mkdir -p /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins" 
    
  2. Install the nspluginwrapper.i386 , nspluginwrapper.x86_64 , and pulseaudio-libs.i386 packages:

    su -c "yum install nspluginwrapper.{i386,x86_64} pulseaudio-libs.i386" 
    
  3. Install flash-plugin as shown above.

    Run mozilla-plugin-config to register the flash plugin:

    su -c "mozilla-plugin-config -i -g -v" 
    
  4. Close all Firefox windows, and then relaunch Firefox.

    Type about:plugins in the URL bar to ensure the plugin is loaded.

10.6. Disabling PC Speaker

PC speaker is enabled by default in Fedora. If you do not prefer this, there are two ways to circumvent the sounds:

  • Reduce its volume to a acceptable level or completely mute the PC speaker in alsamixer with the setting for PC Speak.

  • Disable the PC speaker system wide by running the following commands in a console.

su -
modprobe -r pcspkr
echo "install pcspkr :" >> /etc/modprobe.conf

10.7. International Clock Applet

The new clock applet in the GNOME panel has expanded to support additional international timezones in the display, as well as weather information for each configured timezone displayed. This work, which involved merging intlclock with the GNOME clock applet, provides all the functionality of system-config-date and the weather applet. Additional features include: users can choose arbtirary locations instead of principal timezones; UI enhancements for new and old functions; and full weather information shown in a tool tip.

Read more about this feature:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureClockApplet

10.8. Dictionaries Consolidated

There is a new default spell checking back-end, hunspell, for both the GNOME and KDE desktops, as well as applications such as OpenOffice.org, Firefox, and other XULRunner-based applications. This common back-end includes a set of shared, multi-lingual dictionaries for use with hunspell. This feature uses a single set of common dictionaries regardless of the application, which gives consistent suggestions for misspelled words and uses less diskpace by eliminating duplicate dictionaries.

Details on this effort are here:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureDictionary

11. Filsystem

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Fedora 9 provides basic support for encrypted swap partitions and non-root file systems. To use it, add entries to /etc/crypttab and reference the created devices in /etc/fstab.

New in Fedora 9, the installer Anaconda has support for creating encrypted file systems during installation. For more information on that, refer to the Fedora Installation Guide.

Installing to encrypted volumes, including the root file system, is now supported. There is no configuration tool for adding or removing keys from volumes at a later time, or otherwise doing modification of the encryption. Refer to this feature page for more information:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureEncryptedFilesystems

For full instructions on using encrypted file systems, refer to the Fedora Encryption and Privacy Guide.

11.1. Ext4 Preview

The new ext4 file system is available in Fedora 9 as a nearly feature complete preview. Testers are encouraged to review the documentation and try implementations of ext4. When finally integrated, users should experience no problems with the new file system, and should find it bigger, better, and faster.

While an ext3 file system can be mounted as ext4, an ext3 to ext4 conversion tool is planned that converts existing ext3 on-disk format to ext4. For more information about this feature:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FedoraExt4

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/Ext4

12. Webbservrar

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

12.1. PostgreSQL DBD Driver

Användare av modulen mod_dbd ska notera att DBD-drivrutinenapr-util för PostgreSQL distribueras numera som en separat, dynamiskt-inläst modul. Drivrutinsmodulen finns nu i paketet apr-util-pgsql. En drivrutin för MySQL finns nu också, i paketet apr-util-mysql.

12.2. TurboGears Applications

SQLAlchemy has been updated to 0.4.x. TurboGears Applications developed using SQLAlchemy for their database layer will need to update their startup scripts. Instead of:

import pkg_resources
pkg_resources.require('TurboGears')

the start script needs to have:

__requires__ = 'TurboGears[future]'
import pkg_resources

12.3. Drupal

Drupal has been updated from the 5.x series to 6.1. For details, refer to:

http://drupal.org/drupal-6.1

Remember to log in to your site as the admin user, and disable any third-party modules before upgrading this package. After upgrading the package:

  1. Copy /etc/drupal/default/settings.php.rpmsave to /etc/drupal/default/settings.php, and repeat for any additional sites' settings.php files.

  2. Browse to http://host/drupal/update.php to run the upgrade script.

13. E-postservrar

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Denna sektion berör servrar för elektronisk post eller postöverföringsagenter (MTA).

13.1. Sendmail

By default, the Sendmail mail transport agent (MTA) does not accept network connections from any host other than the local computer. To configure Sendmail as a server for other clients:

  1. Edit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc and either change the DAEMON_OPTIONS line to also listen on network devices, or comment out this option entirely using the dnl comment delimiter.

  2. Install the sendmail-cf package:

    yum install sendmail-cf
    
  3. Regenerate /etc/mail/sendmail.cf:

    make -C /etc/mail
    

14. Utvecklingsverktyg

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Denna sektion täcker diverse utvecklingsverktyg.

14.1. Verktyg

14.1.1. GCC-kompilatorsamlingen

This release of Fedora has been built with GCC 4.3.0, which is included with the distribution.

For more information on GCC 4.3, refer to:

http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.3/

14.1.1.1. Kodgenerering

Starting with gcc-4.1.2-25 and glibc-2.6.90-14 , the -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 option protects not only C code, but also C++. There have been several security issues already which would not have been exploitable if this checking was in place earlier. Refer to this announcement:

https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-announce/2007-September/msg00015.html for more details.

14.1.2. Eclipse

This release of Fedora includes Fedora Eclipse, based on the Eclipse SDK version 3.3.0. You can read the "New and Noteworthy" page for the 3.3.x series of releases can be accessed at:

http://download.eclipse.org/eclipse/downloads/drops/R-3.3-2007-06251500/whatsnew/eclipse-news.html

Release notes specific to 3.3.0 are available at:

http://www.eclipse.org/eclipse/development/readme_eclipse_3.3.html

The Eclipse SDK is known variously as "the Eclipse Platform," "the Eclipse IDE," and "Eclipse." The Eclipse SDK is the foundation for the combined release of twenty-one Eclipse projects under the Callisto combined release umbrella:

http://www.eclipse.org/europa

A few of these Europa projects are included in Fedora:

Other Eclipse projects available in Fedora include:

Assistance in getting more projects packaged and tested with GCJ is always welcome. Contact the interested parties through fedora-devel-java-list and/or #fedora-java on freenode:

http://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/fedora-devel-java-list/

Fedora also includes plugins and features that are particularly useful to FLOSS hackers, ChangeLog editing with eclipse-changelog , and Bugzilla interaction with eclipse-mylyn-bugzilla . Our CDT package, eclipse-cdt , includes a snapshot release of work to integrate with the GNU Autotools.

The latest information regarding these projects can be found at the Fedora Eclipse Project page:

http://sourceware.org/eclipse/

14.1.2.1. Icke-paketerade insticksmoduler/funktioner

Fedora Eclipse allows non-root users to make use of the Update Manager functionality for installing non-packaged plugins and features. Such plugins are installed in the user's home directory under the .eclipse directory. Please note, however, that these plugins do not have associated GCJ-compiled bits and may therefore run slower than expected.

14.1.2.2. Alternativa Java-körtidsmiljöer

The Fedora free JREs do not satisfy every user, so Fedora does allow the installation of alternative JREs. A caveat exists, however, for installing proprietary JREs on 64-bit machines.

The 64-bit JNI libraries shipped by default on x86_64 systems in Fedora do not run on 32-bit JREs. In other words, do not try to run Fedora's x86_64 Eclipse packages on Sun's 32-bit JRE. They fail in confusing ways. Either switch to a 64-bit proprietary JRE, or install the 32-bit version of the packages, if available. To install a 32-bit version, use the following command:

yum install <package_name>.i386 

På samma sätt, kan inte 32-bitars JNI-bibliotek som levereras som standard på ppc64-system inte köras med en 64-bitars JRE. För att installera 64-bitars versionen, använd följande kommando:

yum install <package_name>.ppc64 

14.2. KDE 4 Development Platform

Fedora 9 includes KDE 4.0 (beta) development libraries. The following new packages are provided:

  • kdelibs4 : KDE 4 libraries

  • kdepimlibs : KDE 4 PIM libraries

  • kdebase4 : KDE 4 core runtime files

Use these packages to develop, build and run KDE 4 applications within KDE 3 or any other desktop environment.

The kdebase4 package also includes a beta version of the Dolphin file manager as a technology preview. As this is a beta version, some issues may still be present. If you need a stable version of Dolphin, please install the d3lphin package, which is based on KDE 3 and can be safely installed alongside kdebase4 .

These packages are designed to:

  • comply with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), and

  • be completely safe to install in parallel with KDE 3, including the -devel packages.

In order to achieve this, Fedora KDE SIG members made 2 changes to the -devel packages:

  • The library symlinks are installed to /usr/lib/kde4/devel or /usr/lib64/kde4/devel, depending on system architecture.

  • The kconfig_compiler and makekdewidgets tools have been renamed kconfig_compiler4 and makekdewidgets4, respectively.

These changes should be completely transparent to the vast majority of KDE 4 applications that use cmake to build, since FindKDE4Internal.cmake has been patched to match these changes.

Note that kdebase4 does not include the KDE 4 Desktop package kdebase-workspace and its components such as Plasma and KWin version 4. The kdebase-workspace package is still too incomplete and unstable for daily use and would conflict with KDE 3.

15. Säkerhet

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Detta avsnitt pekar ut diverse säkerhetsdetaljer för Fedora.

15.1. Security Enhancements

Fedora continues to improve its many proactive security features.

The glibc package in Fedora 8 had support for passwords using SHA-256 and SHA-512 hashing. Previously, only DES and MD5 were available. These tools have been extended in Fedora 9. Password hashing using the SHA-256 and SHA-512 hash functions is now supported.

To switch to SHA-256 or SHA-512 on an installed system, use authconfig --passalgo=sha256 --update or authconfig --passalgo=sha512 --update. Alternatively, use the authconfig-gtk GUI tool to configure the hashing method. Existing user accounts will not be affected until their passwords are changed.

SHA-512 is used by default on newly installed systems. Other algorithms can be configured only for kickstart installations, by using the --passalgo or --enablemd5 options for the kickstart auth command. If your installation does not use kickstart, use authconfig as described above, and then change the root user password, and passwords for other users created after installation.

New options now appear in libuser , pam , and shadow-utils to support these password hashing algorithms. Running authconfig configures all these options automatically, so it is not necessary to modify them manually.

  • New values for the crypt_style option, and the new options hash_rounds_min, and hash_rounds_max, are now supported in the [defaults] section of /etc/libuser.conf. Refer to the libuser.conf(5) man page for details.

  • New options, sha256, sha512, and rounds, are now supported by the pam_unix PAM module. Refer to the pam_unix(8) man page for details.

  • New options, ENCRYPT_METHOD, SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS, and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS, are now supported in /etc/login.defs. Refer to the login.defs(5) man page for details. Corresponding options were added to chpasswd(8) and newusers(8).

15.2. Allmän information

A general introduction to the many proactive security features in Fedora, current status, and policies is available at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Security.

15.3. SELinux

Projektsidorna för SELinux har felsökningstips, förklaringar och referenser till dokumentation. En del användbara länkar inkluderar följande:

15.4. Free IPA

Free IPA is a centrally managed identity, policy, and audit installation.

The IPA server installer assumes a relatively clean system, installing and configuring several services:

  • a Fedora Directory Server instance

  • KDC

  • Apache

  • ntpd

  • TurboGears

Some effort is made to be able to roll back the changes made but they are not guaranteed. Similarly the ipa-client-install tool overwrites PAM (/etc/pam.conf) and Kerberos (/etc/krb5.conf) configurations.

IPA does not support other instances of Fedora Directory Server on the same machine at install time, even listening on different ports. In order to install IPA, other instances must be removed. IPA itself can handle this removal.

There is currently no mechanism for migrating existing users into an IPA server.

The server self-configures to be a client of itself. If the Directory Server or KDC fail to start on bootup, boot into single-user mode in order to resolve the issue.

For more information, refer to this feature page:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/freeIPA

16. Java

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

16.1. OpenJDK

Fedora 9 includes OpenJDK 6, an open source implementation of the Java Platform, Standard Edition. OpenJDK 6 is not yet Java compatible; work is underway to certify it.

Fedora will track Sun's stable OpenJDK 6 branch.

16.2. OpenJDK Replaces IcedTea

The OpenJDK 6 packages, java-1.6.0-openjdk*, replace their IcedTea counterparts, java-1.7.0-icedtea*. The Fedora 8 IcedTea packages track the unstable OpenJDK 7 branch, whereas the java-1.6.0-openjdk* packages track the stable OpenJDK 6 branch. The decision to have OpenJDK 6 replace IcedTea was made for several reasons:

  • Sun has replaced most of the encumbrances for which IcedTea was providing replacements.

  • IcedTea's mandate is to merge as much as possible with OpenJDK, so the differences between IcedTea and OpenJDK should diminish over time.

  • OpenJDK 6 is a stable branch, whereas OpenJDK 7 is unstable, and is not expected to ship a stable release until 2009.

  • Sun has licensed the OpenJDK trademark for use in Fedora.

  • Shipping both OpenJDK 6 and IcedTea would have been confusing, and would have added size to the distribution.

IcedTea continues to provide autotools support ( autoconf , automake , libtool , and so on), a portable interpreter for PowerPC and 64-bit PowerPC architectures, plugin support, Web Start support, and patches to integrate OpenJDK into Fedora. The IcedTea sources are included in the java-1.6.0-openjdk SRPM.

If IcedTea is already installed, the package changeover does not happen automatically. The packages related to IcedTea based on OpenJDK 7 must first be erased, then the new OpenJDK 6 packages installed.

su -c "yum erase java-1.7.0-icedtea{,-plugin}"
su -c "yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk{,-plugin}"

16.3. Hantera Java Applets

Upstream OpenJDK does not provide a plugin. The Fedora OpenJDK packages include an adaptation of gcjwebplugin, that runs untrusted applets safely in a Web browser. The plugin is packaged as java-1.6.0-openjdk-plugin.

  • The gcjwebplugin adaptation has no support for the bytecode-to-JavaScript bridge (LiveConnect). Applets that rely on this bridge will not work. Experimental LiveConnect support exists in the IcedTea repository, but is not ready for deployment in Fedora.

  • The gcjwebplugin adaptation does not support signed applets. Signed applets will run in untrusted mode. Experimental support for signed applets is present in the IcedTea repository, but it is not ready for deployment in Fedora.

  • The gcjwebplugin security policy may be too restrictive. To enable restricted applets, run the firefox -g command in a terminal window to see what is being restricted, and then grant the restricted permission in the /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0/jre/lib/security/java.policy file.

16.4. Handling Web Start Applications

Upstream OpenJDK does not provide Web Start support. Experimental Web Start support via NetX is present in the IcedTea repository, but is not ready for deployment in Fedora.

16.5. Fedora and JPackage

Fedora includes many packages derived from the JPackage Project. Some of these packages are modified in Fedora to remove proprietary software dependencies, and to make use of GCJ's ahead-of-time compilation feature. Use the Fedora repositories to update these packages, or use the JPackage repository for packages not provided by Fedora. Refer to the JPackage website for more information about the project, and the software it provides.

An incompatibility between Fedora and the JPackage jpackage-utils , that prevented installing JPackage's jpackage-utils on Fedora, is resolved in this release.

[Varning] Blandning av paket från Fedora och JPackage

Undersök kompatibilitet mellan paketen innan du installerar programvara från både Fedora och JPackage datalager på samma system. Inkompatibla paket kan orsaka komplicerade problem.

17. Systemtjänster

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

17.1. Upstart

Fedora 9 features the Upstart initialization system. All System V init scripts should run fine in compatibility mode. However, users who have made customizations to their /etc/inittab file will need to port those modifications to upstart. For information on writing upstart scripts, see the Upstart Getting Started Guide.

18. Multimedia

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Fedora innehåller applikationer för utvalda multimedia-funktioner, inklusive uppspelning, inspelning och redigering. Fler paket finns tillgängliga genom Fedora Package Collection datalager. För mer information om multimedia i Fedora, se Multimedia sektionen på Fedora Project webbplats:.

18.1. Multimediaspelare

Standardinstallationen av Fedora inkluderar Rhythmbox och Totem för mediauppspelning. Datalagren för Fedora innehåller många andra populära program som XMMS-spelaren och amaroK för KDE. Både GNOME och KDE har ett urval av spelare som kan användas för ett antal olika format. Tredjeparter kan också erbjuda ytterligare program för att hantera andra format.

18.2. Ogg och Xiph.Org Foundation format

Fedora includes complete support for the Ogg media container format and the Vorbis audio, Theora video, Speex audio and FLAC lossless audio formats. These freely-distributable formats are not encumbered by patent or license restrictions. They provide powerful and flexible alternatives to more popular, restricted formats. The Fedora Project encourages the use of open source formats in place of restricted ones. For more information on these formats and how to use them, refer to the Xiph.Org Foundation's web site at http://www.xiph.org/.

18.3. MP3, DVD och andra uteslutna multimedia-format

Fedora cannot include support for MP3 or DVD video playback or recording. The MP3 formats are patented, and the patent holders have not provided the necessary licenses. DVD video formats are patented and equipped with an encryption scheme. The patent holders have not provided the necessary licenses, and the code needed to decrypt CSS-encrypted discs may violate the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, a copyright law of the United States. Fedora also excludes other multimedia software due to patent, copyright, or license restrictions, including Adobe's Flash Player and Real Media's Real Player. For more on this subject, please refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems.

While other MP3 options may be available for Fedora, Fluendo now offers an MP3 plugin for GStreamer that has the related patents licensed for end users. This plugin enables MP3 support in applications that use the GStreamer framework as a backend. We cannot distribute this plugin in Fedora for licensing reasons, but it offers a new solution for an old problem. For more information, refer to the Installing Fluendo MP3 Plug-in or Installing MP3 Plug-in with Codeina pages.

18.4. CD och DVD-författande och bränning

Fedora include a variety of tools for easily mastering and burning CDs and DVDs. GNOME users can burn directly from the Nautilus file manager. The Fedora software repositories also contain additional software, such as brasero , gnomebaker , or k3b , for these tasks. Console tools include wodim, readom, genisoimage, and other popular applications.

18.5. Skrivbordsinspelningar

You can use Fedora to create and play back screencasts, which are recorded desktop sessions, using open technologies. Fedora includes istanbul , which creates screencasts using the Theora video format, and 'byzanz', which creates screencasts as animated GIF files. You can play back these videos using one of several players included in Fedora. This is the preferred way to submit screencasts to the Fedora Project for either developers or end-users. For more comprehensive instructions, refer to the ScreenCasting page.

18.6. Utökat stöd genom insticksmoduler

Most of the media players in Fedora support the use of plugins to add support for additional media formats and sound output systems. Some use powerful backends like the gstreamer package to handle media format support and sound output. Fedora offers plugin packages for these backends and for individual applications, and third parties may offer additional plugins to add even greater capabilities.

19. Spel och underhållning

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Fedora provides a selection of games that cover a variety of genres. Users can install a small package of games for GNOME (called gnome-games ) and KDE ( kdegames ). There are also many additional games that span every major genre available in the repositories.

The Fedora Project website features a section dedicated to games that details many of the available games, including overviews and installation instructions. For more information, refer to:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Games

For a list of other games that are available for installation, select ApplicationsAdd / Remove Software, or via the command line:

yum groupinfo "Games and Entertainment" 

For help using yum to install the assorted game packages, refer to the guide available at

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/yum/

20. Virtualisering

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Virtualization in Fedora 9 includes major changes, and new features, that continue to support the Xen and KVM platforms.

20.1. Kernel Integration Improvements

Previously, the Xen kernel was created by forward-porting Xen bits from the 2.6.18 kernel into the current Fedora kernel. This task was arduous and labor intensive, and resulted in the Xen kernel being several releases behind the bare-metal kernel. The inclusion of paravirt ops now makes this process unnecessary. Once paravirt ops is merged upstream, Xen will no longer require a separate kernel.

Fullyvirtualized Linux guests now have 3 possible installation methods:

  • PXE boot from the network.

  • Local CDROM drive / ISO image.

  • Network install from a FTP/HTTP/NFS hosted distribution tree.

The latter allows for fully automated installation through the use of kickstart files. This provides parity between Xen HVM and KVM guests in terms of installation methods.

For more information refer to: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/XenFullvirtKernelBoot.

20.2. Improved Storage Management

Previously, Fedora introduced the ability to manage existing guest domains remotely using libvirt . It was not possible to create new guests due to the lack of storage management capabilities. In Fedora 9, new storage management can create and delete storage volumes from a remote host using libvirt .

20.3. PolicyKit Integration

Previously, the virt-manager application ran as root when managing a local hypervisor, and used consolehelper to authenticate from a desktop session. Running GTK applications as root is bad practice. PolicyKit integration now permits running virt-manager as a regular user.

20.4. Improved Remote Authentication

Previously, Fedora introduced support for secure remote management using TLS/SSL, and x509 certificates. Fedora 9 improves remote management capabilities by adding support for authentication by password database, Kerberos domain controller, or system authentication using PAM. This feature applies to all tools using libvirt .

20.5. Other Improvements

Fedora also includes the following virtualization improvements:

  • a new P2V tool, shipping as a Live CD, for converting a bare-metal install to a virtual guest

  • a new tool, xenner, for running Xen-paravirtual kernels on top of KVM

  • storage and network paravirtual-drivers for KVM guests

  • full support for monitoring network and block statistics of QEMU and KVM in libvirt and virt-top , bringing parity with statistics monitoring, previously only available to Xen guests

21. Fönstersystemet X (grafik)

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

This section contains information related to the X Window System implementation, X.Org, provided with Fedora.

21.1. Faster X Start-up and Shutdown

Fedora 9 features a number of changes designed to make X faster in starting and shutting down and to make other improvements. Full details of the project can be found through this feature page:

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/OneSecondX.

21.2. Ändringar i X-konfigurationen

The X.Org 1.4.99 X server has been modified to automatically detect and configure most hardware, eliminating the need to modify the /etc/X11/xorg.conf configuration file. The only hardware configured by default in the xorg.conf configuration file written by Anaconda is:

  • the graphics driver, and

  • the keyboard map

All other hardware, such as monitors (both LCD and CRT), USB mice, and touchpads, should be detected and configured automatically.

The X server queries the attached monitor for supported resolution ranges, and attempts to pick the highest resolution available with the correct aspect ratio for the display. Set the preferred resolution in SystemPreferencesScreen Resolution, and the default resolution for the system in SystemAdministrationDisplay.

If the /etc/X11/xorg.conf configuration file is not present, X automatically detects the appropriate driver, and assumes a 105-key US keyboard layout.

21.3. Noteringar om drivrutin för Intel

Fedora 9 contains two drivers for Intel Integrated Graphics Controllers:

  • The default i810 driver, which contains support for Intel graphic chipsets up to and including i945 and i965.

  • The experimental intel driver, which contains support for Intel graphic chipsets up to and including i945.

The i810 driver is limited to resolutions available in the BIOS. For support for non-standard resolutions, such as those used in certain widescreen displays, use the intel driver. Switch drivers by running the system-config-display command, which is also available in the menu under SystemAdministrationDisplay.

We welcome feedback on the experimental intel driver. Please report success in Bugzilla, attaching the full output of the lspci -vn command for your machine. Given success reports, various chipsets may be switched to use the intel driver by default.

21.4. Videodrivrutiner från tredjepart

Refer to the Xorg third-party drivers page for detailed guidelines on using third-party video drivers.

22. Databasservrar

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

22.1. MySQL

Fedora now provides MySQL 5.0.51.a. For a list of the enhancements provided by this version, refer to http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/mysql-nutshell.html.

För mer information om att uppgradera databaser från föregående utgåvor av MySQL, gå till webbplatsen för MySQL http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/upgrade.html.

22.1.1. DBD-drivruttin

DBD-drivrutinerna för MySQL har varit dubbel-licensierade och de relaterade licensproblemen har lösts (https://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=222237). Det resulterade i paketet apr-util-mysql som nu finns i Fedoras programvarudatalager.

22.2. PostgreSQL

This release of Fedora includes PostgreSQL 8.3.0. For more information on this new version, refer to http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/release-8-3.html.

[Viktigt] Uppgradera databaser

Before upgrading an existing Fedora system with a PostgreSQL database, check and then follow, if necessary, the procedure described at http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/interactive/install-upgrading.html. Otherwise the data may be not accessible by the new version of PostgreSQL.

23. Internationalisering (i18n)

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Denna sektion innehåller information om språkstöd i Fedora.

23.1. Language Coverage

Fedora features a variety of software which is translated in many languages. For a list of languages refer to the translation statistics for Anaconda, which is one of the core software applications in Fedora.

23.1.1. Language Support Installation

To install additional language support from the Languages group, use ApplicationsAdd/Remove Software, or run this command:

su -c "yum groupinstall language-support"

In the command above, language is one of assamese, bengali, chinese, gujarati, hindi, japanese, kannada, korean, malayalam, marathi, oriya, punjabi, sinhala, tamil, thai, or telegu.

SCIM users upgrading from earlier releases of Fedora are strongly urged to install scim-bridge-gtk . This application works well with third-party C++ applications linked against older versions of libstdc++ .

To add SCIM support to input a particular language, install scim-lang-LANG , where LANG is one of assamese, bengali, chinese, dhivehi, farsi, gujarati, hindi, japanese, kannada, korean, latin, malayalam, marathi, oriya, punjabi, sinhalese, tamil, telugu, thai, or tibetan.

23.1.2. Transifex

Transifex is Fedora's online tool to facilitate contributing translations to projects hosted on remote and disparate version control systems. Many of the core packages use Transifex to receive translations from numerous contributors.

Through a combination of new Web tools, community growth, and better processes, translators can contribute directly to any upstream project through one translator-oriented Web interface. Developers of projects with no existing translation community can easily reach out to Fedora's established community for translations. In turn, translators can reach out to numerous projects related to Fedora to easily contribute translations.

23.2. Fonts

Fonts for all available languages are installed by default on the desktop to give good default language coverage. dejavu-fonts replaces dejavu-lgc-fonts as the default system font.

23.2.1. Chinese fonts

  • The wqy-zenkai-fonts package has been added.

23.2.2. Indic fonts

  • The samyak-fonts package has been added.

  • The sarai-fonts package has been added.

23.2.3. Japanese fonts

  • VLGothic-fonts is the new default font for Japanese in Fedora 9. It now has a subpackage VLGothic-fonts-proportional for its proportional version.

23.2.4. Nepali fonts

  • The madan-fonts package has been added.

23.2.5. Thai fonts

  • The thaifonts-scalable package has been added, making Thai TrueType fonts available in Fedora.

23.3. Input Methods

It is now possible to start and stop the of Input Methods in GTK applications during runtime thanks to the new imsettings framework. The GTK_IM_MODULE environment variable is no longer needed by default but can still be used to override the imsettings.

23.3.1. im-chooser

With the new imsettings framework, im-chooser can now start and stop Input Method usage dynamically on the GNOME Desktop.

Input methods only start by default on desktops running in an Asian locale. The current list is: as, bn, gu, hi, ja, kn, ko, ml, mr, ne, or, pa, si, ta, te, th, ur, vi, zh. Use im-chooser via SystemPreferencesPersonalInput Method to enable or disable Input method usage on your desktop.

23.3.2. Qt immodules

Currently QT 4 does not yet support immodules other than XIM.

23.3.3. SCIM hotkeys

SCIM now only defines trigger hotkeys for Asian languages as in the following table:

Språk

Triggersnabbtangenter

Chinese

Ktrl-Mellanslag

Indic

Ktrl-Mellanslag

Japanska

Zenkaku_Hankaku, Alt-`, or Ctrl-Space

Koreanska

Shift-Space, Hangul, or Ctrl-Space

Tabell 1. Hotkeys


23.3.4. scim-python

This release adds the scim-python package, which allows writing Input Method Engines for SCIM in python.

23.3.5. scim-python-chinese

The scim-python package also includes a subpackage scim-python-pinyin that provides PinYin and ShuangPin Input Methods for improved input of Simplified Chinese. The PinYin Input Method replaces scim-pinyin as the default input method for Simplified Chinese. The scim-python-xingma package provides a number of tables for other Chinese input methods.

24. Bakåtkompatibilitet

[Tips] Senaste utgåvenoteringarna på webben

These release notes may be updated. To view the latest release notes for Fedora, visit:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

Fedora provides legacy system libraries for compatibility with older software. This software is part of the Legacy Software Development group, which is not installed by default. Users who require this functionality may select this group either during installation or after the installation process is complete. To install the package group on a Fedora system, use ApplicationsAdd/Remove Software or enter the following command in a terminal window:

su -c "yum groupinstall 'Legacy Software Development'"

Ange lösenordet för kontot root när det efterfrågas.

24.1. Kompilatorkompatibilitet

Paketet compat-gcc-34 har inkluderats i denna utgåva av kompabilitetsorsaker:

https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-list/2006-August/msg00409.html

24.2. KDE 3 Development Platform / Libraries

Fedora now features KDE 4.0, and no longer offers KDE 3 as a full desktop environment. Fedora does provide the following KDE 3.5 library packages to run and build the many existing KDE 3 applications:

  • qt3 , qt3-devel (and other qt3-* packages): Qt 3.3.8b

  • kdelibs3 , kdelibs3-devel : KDE 3 libraries

  • kdebase3 , kdebase3-devel : KDE 3 core files required by some applications

In addition, Fedora offers a kdegames3 package that includes games not ported to KDE 4 yet, and a KDE 3 version of libkdegames required by some third-party KDE 3 games.

Moreover, the KDE 4 kdebase-runtime package, which provides khelpcenter , also sets up khelpcenter as a service for KDE 3 applications, so help in KDE 3 applications works. The KDE 3 version of khelpcenter is no longer provided, and the KDE 4 version is used instead.

These packages are designed to:

  • comply with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), and

  • be completely safe to install in parallel with KDE 4, including the -devel packages.

In order to achieve this goal, Fedora KDE SIG members have made two changes to the KDE 4 kdelibs-devel packages:

  • The library symlinks are installed to /usr/lib/kde4/devel or /usr/lib64/kde4/devel depending on system architecture.

  • The kconfig_compiler and makekdewidgets tools have been renamed kconfig_compiler4 and makekdewidgets4 , respectively.

These changes should be completely transparent to the vast majority of KDE 4 applications that use cmake to build, since FindKDE4Internal.cmake has been patched to match these changes. The KDE SIG made these changes to the KDE 4 kdelibs-devel rather than to kdelibs3-devel because KDE 4 stores these locations in a central place, whereas KDE 3 applications usually contain hardcoded copies of the library search paths and executable names.

Note that kdebase3 does not include the following:

  • A complete KDE 3 desktop (workspace) which could be used instead of KDE 4; in particular, KDE 3 versions of KWin, KDesktop, Kicker, KSplash and KControl are not included.

  • The KDE 3 versions of kdebase applications such as Konqueror and KWrite, which are redundant with the KDE 4 versions and would conflict with them.

  • The libkdecorations library required for KWin 3 window decorations, as those window decorations cannot be used in the KDE 4 version of KWin.

  • The libkickermain library required by some Kicker applets, as there is no Kicker in Fedora 9 and thus Kicker applets cannot be used.

[Observera] Developing against the legacy API is discouraged

As with any backwards-compatibility library, developing new software against the legacy API is discouraged.

25. Paketförändringar

For a list of packages that were updated since the previous release, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/PackageChanges/UpdatedPackages. You can also find a comparison of major packages between all Fedora versions at http://distrowatch.com/fedora.

26. Fedora Project

The goal of the Fedora Project is to work with the Linux community to build a complete, general-purpose operating system exclusively from open source software. The Fedora Project is driven by the individuals that contribute to it. As a tester, developer, documenter, or translator, you can make a difference. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/join-fedora.html for details. For information on the channels of communication for Fedora users and contributors, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.

Fedora Project drivs av individer som bidrar till det. Som en testare, utvecklare, skribent eller översättare kan göra insats som märks. Gå till http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Join för detaljer. För information om kommunikationskanaler för Fedora användare och bidragsgivare, gå till http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.

Förutom webbplatsen är följande e-postlistor tillgängliga:

För att prenumerera på någon av dessa listor, skicka e-post med ordet "subscribe" i ämnesraden till <listnamn>-request, där <listnamn> är ett av ovanstående listnamn. Alternativt kan du prenumerera på Fedora e-postlistor genom webbgränssnittet på http://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/.

Fedora Project använder också flera IRC (Internet Relay Chat) kanaler. IRC är ett realtids, textbaserad form av kommunikation, liknande Instant Messaging. Med IRC kan du ha konversationer med många människor i en öppen kanal, eller prata med någon privat en-och-en. För att prata med andra Fedora Project deltagare via IRC, koppla upp dig till Freenodes IRC-nätverk. Gå till Freenodes webbplats på http://www.freenode.net/ för mer information.

Fedora Project deltagare är frekvent på kanalen #fedora på Freenode-nätverket, medan Fedora Project utvecklare kan ofta ses på kanalen #fedora-devel. En del större projekt har också sina egna kanaler. Denna information finns på webbplatsen för projektet och på http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate.

För att kunna prata på kanalen #fedora måste du registrera ditt alias, eller nick. Instruktioner ges när du /join kanalen.

[Notera] IRC-kanaler

Fedora Project och Red Hat har ingen kontroll över Fedora Project IRC-kanaler eller dess innehåll.

27. Kolofon

Som vi använder termen, en kolofon:

  • tillkännager medarbetare och tillför trovärdighet, och

  • förklarar verktyg och produktionsmetoder.

27.1. Bidragsgivare

... och många fler översättare. Gå till den webb-uppdaterade versionen av dessa utgåvenoteringar eftersom vi lägger till översättare efter utgåvan:

http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/

27.2. Produktionsmetoder

Gebitskribenter producerar utgåvenoteringar direkt till Fedora Project Wiki. De samarbetar med andra ämnesområdesexperter under testutgåve-fasen av Fedora Core för att förklara viktiga ändringar och förbättringar. Redigerargruppen garanterar konsistens och kvalitet på färdiga gebit och porterar Wiki-material till Doc Book XML i ett versionshanterat datalager. Vid denna tidpunkt, producerar översättargruppen utgåvenoteringar för andra språk och sedan blir de tillgängliga för allmänheten som en del av Fedora. Publiceringsgruppen gör dem och efterföljande felrättningar, tillgängliga via webbplatsen.