Version 7.92 (2007-09-24)
版权 © 2007 Red Hat, Inc. 及其他
本文档依据 Open Publication License 许可发布。请参阅完整的法律条款 第 3 节 “Legal Notice”.
![]() |
互联网上有最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新,请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora Core 发行注记。 |
修订历史 | ||
---|---|---|
修订 7.92 | 2007-09-24 | PWF |
Update content for F8 test3 |
Fedora项目是由Red Hat和社群支持的开源项目。它的目标在于快速推进自由开源软件和开源内容。Fedora项目利用大众论坛,开放的程序,快速的革新,英明的管理以及高度的透明来完成一个完全由自由开源的软件构成的完美的操作系统和平台。
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
![]() |
Older Release Notes on the Web |
---|---|
If you are migrating from a release of Fedora older than the immediately previous one, you should refer to older Release Notes for additional information. You can find older Release Notes at http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/. |
您只要提交错误报告以及功能增强请求,就可以帮助 Fedora 项目和社区不断地改进 Fedora。请参考 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugsAndFeatureRequests。感谢您的参与。
想知道更多 Fedora 的信息,请访问下列页面:
Fedora 概览 (http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Overview)
常见问题(Fedora FAQ) (http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FAQ)
参与 Fedora 项目 (http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/zh_CN/Join)
![]() |
文档链接 |
---|---|
如果您在 Fedora 安装过程中阅读这份发行注记,可能无法访问外部链接。安装后,仍然可以继续阅读它。它是互联网浏览器的默认首页。连接到互联网后,就可以访问这些链接,获得关于 Fedora 和创造它、支持它的社区的更多信息了。 |
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
您将看到这一全新发布的大量截图和视频资料,请访问 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Tours/Fedora7。
本次发布包括很多关键软件包和技术的新版本。下面的章节对自前一版本以来的主要更改做出概览。
Fedora includes several different
spins, which are variations of Fedora
built from a specific set of software packages. Each spin has a
combination of software to meet the requirements of a specific
kind of end user. In addition to a very small
boot.iso
image for network installation,
users have the following spin choices:
通常的镜像,适于桌面、工作站和服务器用户。这一发布集为过去版本 Fedora 的用户提供了良好的升级路径和熟悉的环境。
Fedora Live (i686, x86_64, ppc). A good general use Desktop live image that uses GNOME. Only the i686 version fits on a CD.
Fedora KDE Live (i686, x86_64). A Desktop based on the KDE software suite. Only the i686 version fits on a CD.
Fedora Developer Live (i686). A Live image designed for software developers.
Fedora Electronic Lab (FEL) Live (i686). A live image designed for engineers working on electronics. This image fits on a CD.
Remember that these Live images can be used on USB media via the 'livecd-iso-to-disk' utility available in the livecd-tools package.
This test release features the GNOME 2.20 Release Candidate.
KDE 3.5.7 is included in this release.
A brand new graphical firewall configuration tool, system-config-firewall, replaces system-config-securitylevel.
This release includes Iced Tea, a free and open source Java environment derived from OpenJDK. A browser plugin based on GCJ that takes advantage of Iced Tea is available and installed by default.
A preview of Compiz Fusion, the compositing window manager that re-merges Compiz and Beryl, is installed by default. To enable Compiz Fusion in GNOME, use the → → tool. Ongoing, long term Xorg work continues to enable Compiz by default.
This release of Fedora has a new look and feel, called Infinity, from the Fedora Art team.
Nodoka, a fresh new GNOME theme created specially for Fedora, is available in this release.
Fedora 8 features a 2.6.23 based kernel.
PulseAudio is now installed and enabled by default. PulseAudio is an advanced sound server compatible with nearly all existing Linux sound systems. PulseAudio allows for hot-switching audio outputs, individual volume controls for each audio stream, networked audio, and more.
本次发布中,yum, Pirut 和 Pup 的性能得到极大提高。
有关下一版 Fedora 的发布计划,请访问 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/RoadMap.
Copyright (c) 2007 by Red Hat, Inc. and others. This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0, available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/.
The Fedora Art Project created the admonition graphics (note, tip, important, caution,
and warning). Tommy Reynolds <Tommy.Reynolds@MegaCoder.com>
created the callout graphics. They all may be freely redistributed with
documentation produced for the Fedora Project.
FEDORA, FEDORA PROJECT, and the Fedora Logo are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., are registered or pending registration in the U.S. and other countries, and are used here under license to the Fedora Project.
Red Hat and the Red Hat "Shadow Man" logo are registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc. in the United States and other countries.
All other trademarks and copyrights referred to are the property of their respective owners.
Documentation, as with software itself, may be subject to export control. Read about Fedora Project export controls at http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal/Export.
感谢您花时间向 Fedora 社区提出评论、建议和错误报告。通过这些,您帮助了 Fedora, Linux 乃至自由软件世界的进步。
To provide feedback on Fedora software or other system elements, please refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugsAndFeatureRequests. A list of commonly reported bugs and known issues for this release is available from http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/F8Common.
![]() |
仅指针对发行注记的反馈 |
---|---|
本节是关于发行注记本身的反馈过程 |
如果您认为可以以某种方式改进发行注记,可以直接向作者提交反馈。这里列出了多条反馈的途径,按首选排序:
如果您有 Fedora 帐号,直接编辑 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats 内容
使用模板 http://tinyurl.com/nej3u -
向relnotes@fedoraproject.org 发送电子邮件
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
![]() |
安装向导 |
---|---|
学习如何安装Fedora,见 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/install-guide/。 |
![]() |
发行注记未包含的安装问题。 |
---|---|
如果你在安装时遇到了发行注记中没有包含的问题,请参考:http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FAQ 以及 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/Common. |
Anaconda is the name of the Fedora installer. This section outlines issues related to Anaconda and installing Fedora 8.
![]() |
下载大文件 |
---|---|
如果您需要下载 Fedora DVD ISO 镜像文件,记住并不是所有下载工具都支持大于 2GB 的文件。wget 1.9.1-16 或更高版本, curl 和 ncftpget 没有此限制,可以顺利下载大于 2GB 的文件。 BitTorrent 也可以用来下载大文件。要下载 torrent 种子文件请访问 http://torrent.fedoraproject.org/。 |
Anaconda tests the integrity of installation media by default. This function works with the CD, DVD, hard drive ISO, and NFS ISO installation methods. The Fedora Project recommends that you test all installation media before starting the installation process and before reporting any installation-related bugs. Many of the bugs reported are actually due to improperly-burned CDs or DVDs.
The mediacheck function is highly sensitive, and
may report some usable discs as faulty. This result is often caused
by disc writing software that does not include padding when creating
discs from ISO files. To use this test, at boot time hit any key to
enter the menu. Then press the Tab key, add the
option mediacheck
to the parameter list, and press
Enter.
当 mediacheck 顺利完成后,重启使 DMA 模式恢复到正常的状态。很多系统中,这样做会让安装过程更快一些。重启时可以跳过 mediacheck
选项。
![]() |
BitTorrent 自动验证文件完整性 |
---|---|
如果您使用 BitTorrent, 您下载的文件会被自动验证。如果您的下载已完成,不必再验证它。不过,在烧录到 CD 或 DVD 后,还是应该做一下介质检测(mediacheck) |
To perform memory testing before you install Fedora, press any key to enter the boot menu, then select Memtest86 stand alone memory testing software in place of Anaconda. Memtest86 memory testing continues until you press the Esc key.
. This option runs the![]() |
Memtest86 可用性 |
---|---|
必须从第一张 CD,或者 DVD,或急救 CD-ROM 启动,才能使用这一功能。 |
Fedora 7 支持图形化的 FTP 和 HTTP 安装。但是,安装程序必须完全载入内存,或者存在于本地磁盘如安装光盘 1 上。因此,只有内存多于 192MiB 内存,或从安装光盘 1 启动的情况下,才可以使用图形安装程序。只有 192MiB 或更少内存的系统将自动进入文本安装程序。如果您首选文本安装方式,可以在 boot:
提示符下输入 linux text。
增强的 Live 镜像支持
可以通过运行在 RAM 或 USB 移动存储器中的 Live 镜像安装系统
增强的 IEEE-1394(火线)支持
Use of /dev/hdX
is
deprecated on i386 and and x86_64 for IDE drives, and has
changed to /dev/sdX
except on PPC. See note about the importance of labeling
devices for upgrades from FC6, and partition
limitations.
并非所有 IDE RAID 控制器都得到了支持,如果您的 RAID 控制器不为 dmraid 软件包支持,您可以通过配置 Linux 软 RAID,将磁盘组合到 RAID 阵列中。至于直接支持的控制器,只要在计算机的 BIOS 中配置 RAID 就可以了。
一些服务器拥有多个网络接口,可能无法将 BIOS 所知的第一个网络接口设定为 eth0 ,这将导致安装程序使用与 PXE 启动时不同的网络接口。要应付这种情况,可以在 pxelinux.cfg/*
配置文件中添加下面的内容:
IPAPPEND 2 APPEND ksdevice=bootif
上面的配置选项使得安装程序使用与 BIOS 和 PXE 相同的网络接口。您也可以添加下面的内容:
ksdevice=link
这个选项使安装程序使用连接到交换机的第一个网络设备。
如果安装是遇到不能侦测到智能阵列卡的问题,试试在安装宏程序的提示符输入 linux·isa 。这样你就能手工选择阵列卡。
请访问 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/DistributionUpgrades 查看详细的升级步骤建议。
Whereas older IDE drivers supported up to 63 partitions per
device, SCSI devices are limited to 15 partitions per device.
Anaconda uses the new libata
driver in the same fashion
as the rest of Fedora, so it is unable to detect more than 15
partitions on an IDE disk during the installation or upgrade
process.
If you are upgrading a system with more than 15 partitions, you may need to migrate the disk to Logical Volume Management (LVM). This restriction may cause conflicts with other installed systems if they do not support LVM. Most modern Linux distributions support LVM, and drivers are available for other operating systems as well.
Linux 内核处理存储设备的方式如果发生变化,就意味着 /dev/hdX
或 /dev/sdX
这样的设备名可能与过去完全不同。Anaconda 使用分区卷标来应付这一问题。如果没有卷标,Anaconda 将警告分区必须有卷标,否则升级无法继续。使用逻辑卷管理 (LVM) 和 device-mapper 工具的系统无需重新标识。
要查看分区卷标,首先启动现有的 Fedora 系统,在终端中输入命令:
/sbin/blkid
确认列表中每个卷都有 LABEL=
这样的内容,如下:
/dev/hdd1: LABEL="/boot" UUID="ec6a9d6c-6f05-487e-a8bd-a2594b854406" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3"
如果文件系统卷标被添加或修改,那么 /etc/fstab
中的设备条目必须同时更新:
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig' su -c 'gedit /etc/fstab'
以指定卷标方式挂载:
LABEL=f7-slash / ext3 defaults 1 1
grub.conf
中内核的根文件系统项如果根分区 /
的卷标被修改,必须同时修改 grub 配置文件中内核的启动参数:
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/grub.conf'
正确的内核启动参数:
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.20-1.2948.fc6 ro root=LABEL=f7-slash rhgb quiet
如果修改了分区卷标,或者修改了 /etc/fstab
文件,应当重启进入现有的 Fedora,保证分区正确挂载,可以成功登录。如果不可以,说明 :( 这段文档不知道是谁写的,这么烂! 全部改好之后,重启使用安装介质来开始升级过程。
一般情况下,应选择全新安装而不是升级,如果系统中有第三方仓库的软件就更应如此。如果已安装了第三方仓库的软件,升级后可能无法正常使用。一定要升级的话,请遵守下面的指示。
升级前,请备份整个系统。特别的,保留 /etc
, /home
, 可能还有 /opt
和 /usr/local
,如果那里有定制安装的软件包的话。可以考虑使用多启动,在其他分区中复制并保留原来的系统,以备无虞。最好再准备些其他类型的启动盘,例如 GRUB 软盘。
![]() |
系统配置备份 |
---|---|
为 |
升级完毕,运行命令:
rpm -qa --last > RPMS_by_Install_Time.txt
在输出的最后,查看升级前安装的软件包。删掉他们或者从第三方仓库升级它们,必要的话小心应付。有些软件包可能不存在于任何仓库中。要列出这样的软件包,执行命令:
su -c 'yum list extras'
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
本节提供 Fedora 所支持的特定硬件体系的信息。
RPM 支持同时安装一个软件包的多种体系。运行 rpm -qa 列出软件包时可能包含重复的软件包,因为体系不会被列出。不过,使用 repoquery 命令,这是 yum-utils 软件包的一部分,就可以列出体系了。要安装 yum-utils,,运行命令:
su -c 'yum install yum-utils'
要用 rpm
列出所有软件包以及其体系,运行命令:
rpm -qa --queryformat "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n"
您可以将它添加到 /etc/rpm/macros
(系统范围的设置)或 ~/.rpmmacros
(用户各自的设置)。它改变默认的查询方式,以列出体系:
%_query_all_fmt %%{name}-%%{version}-%%{release}.%%{arch}
本节包含 Fedora 特定于 PPC 硬件平台的信息。
CPU 最小值: PowerPC G3 / POWER3
Fedora 8 supports only the "New World" generation of Apple Power Macintosh, shipped from circa 1999 onward.
Fedora 8 also supports IBM pSeries, IBM iSeries, IBM RS/6000, Genesi Pegasos II, and IBM Cell Broadband Engine machines.
Fedora 8 includes new hardware support for Genesi Efika, and for the Sony PlayStation 3.
文本模式推荐值: 233MHz G3 或更佳,128MiB 内存
图形模式推荐值: 400MHz G3 或更佳,256MiB 内存
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 8 after installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during installation
to support the installation environment. This additional disk
space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
(on Installation
Disc 1) plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm
on the installed
system.
实际上,这意味着,最小安装需要 90MiB 额外空间,而完全安装需要 175MiB 额外空间。所有软件包将占据 9GB 磁盘空间。
另外,记住用户数据也需要额外空间存放,为使系统正常运作,还应保留至少 5% 空闲空间。
通过在Fedora Core 6上对64 64KiB页面的简短实验,PowerPC 64 内核已经换回到4KiB页面。升级过程中,安装程序会自动的重新格式化所有的交换分区。
Apple 系统中的 Option 键相当于 PC 中的 Alt键。安装过程中提到 Alt 键时,使用 Option 代替。有些组合键需要用 Option 键与 Fn 键组合出来,例如 Option+Fn+F3 可以切换到虚拟终端 tty3。
Fedora 安装盘 1 是可以在所支持的硬件平台上启动的。另外,可以在 CD 的 images/
目录找到一份可启动的 CD 镜像。硬件不同,它们的行为也不同:
在大多数机器上,启动引导器会自动从安装盘选择正确的32位或64位安装程序启动。默认的gnome-power-manager软件包包含了电源管理支持,包括休眠和背光亮度管理。有更多要求的用户可以使用apmud软件包。要安装apmud软件包,可以在安装系统后运行一下命令:
su -c 'yum install apmud'
64-bit IBM pSeries (POWER4/POWER5), 新近的 iSeries 机型. 使用 OpenFirmware 引导 CD 后,引导管理器 (yaboot) 自动运行 64 位的安装程序。
IBM "Legacy" iSeries (POWER4). 被称为 "Legacy" 的 iSeries 不使用 OpenFirmware。应当使用安装树的 images/iSeries
目录中的引导镜像。
32-bit CHRP (IBM RS/6000 及其他). 使用 OpenFirmware 启动 CD 后,在 boot:
提示符下选择 linux32
镜像,引导 32 位的安装程序。否则,64 位安装程序会自动引导,而它无法运行。
Genesi Pegasos II. 在本文档撰写时,Pegasos 完全支持 ISO9660 文件系统的固件尚未发布。但是,可以使用网络启动盘。在 OpenFirmware 提示符下,输入命令:
boot cd: /images/netboot/ppc32.img
您还需要手动配置 Pegasos 上的 OpenFirmware 来使得装好的 Fedora 系统可以启动。您需要设置 boot-device
和 boot-file
环境变量为正确的值。
Genesi Efika. At the time of writing, the firmware of the Efika has bugs which prevent correct operation of the yaboot bootloader. An updated firmware should be available by April 2007, in advance of the release of Fedora 8. With a fixed firmware, installation on Efika should be the same as on Pegasos II.
Sony PlayStation 3.
For installation on PlayStation 3, first update to
firmware 1.60 or later. The "Other OS" boot loader must be
installed into the flash, following the instructions at
http://www.playstation.com/ps3-openplatform/manual.html.
A suitable boot loader image ia located on the Fedora 8
install media. Once the boot loader is installed, the
PlayStation 3 should boot from the Fedora install media.
Select the linux64
from the graphical
boot menu. For more information on Fedora and the
PlayStation3 or Fedora on PowerPC in general, join the
Fedora-PPC
mailing list or the #fedora-ppc
channel on
FreeNode.
网络启动. 在安装树的 images/netboot/
目录有包含安装程序内核与 ramdisk 的一组镜像文件。它们主要用途是通过 TFTP 实现网络启动,但是也有其他使用方式。
yaboot 支持用 TFTP 引导 IBM eServer pSeries 和 Apple Macintosh。Fedora Project 建议结合使用 yaboot 和 netboot 镜像。
本节包含 Fedora 特定于 x86 硬件平台的信息。
In order to use specific features of Fedora 8 during or after installation, you may need to know details of other hardware components such as video and network cards.
下列 CPU 特性是以 Intel 处理器的方式表述的。其他处理器 (主要是来自 AMD, Cyrix 和 VIA 的那些) 如果与 Intel 处理器兼容,也可以用于 Fedora 。
Fedora 8 requires an Intel Pentium or better processor, and is optimized for Pentium 4 and later processors.
文本模式的推荐配置: 200 MHz 奔腾或以上
图形模式的推荐配置: 400 MHz 奔腾 II 或以上
文本模式最小值: 128MiB
图形模式最小值: 192MiB
图形模式推荐值: 256MiB
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 8 after the installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during the
installation to support the installation environment. This
additional disk space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
on Installation
Disc 1 plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm
on the installed
system.
实际上,这意味着,最小安装需要 90MiB 额外空间,而完全安装需要 175MiB 额外空间。所有软件包将占据 9GB 磁盘空间。
另外,记住用户数据也需要额外空间存放,为使系统正常运作,还应保留至少 5% 空闲空间。
本节包含 Fedora 特定于 x86_64 硬件平台的信息。
In order to use specific features of Fedora 8 during or after installation, you may need to know details of other hardware components such as video and network cards.
文本模式最小值: 256MiB
图形模式最小值: 384MiB
图形模式推荐值: 512MiB
The disk space requirements listed below represent the disk
space taken up by Fedora 8 after the installation is complete.
However, additional disk space is required during the
installation to support the installation environment. This
additional disk space corresponds to the size of
/Fedora/base/stage2.img
on Installation
Disc 1 plus the size of the files in /var/lib/rpm
on the installed
system.
实际上,这意味着,最小安装需要 90MiB 额外空间,而完全安装需要 175MiB 额外空间。所有软件包将占据 9GB 磁盘空间。
另外,记住用户数据也需要额外空间存放,为使系统正常运作,还应保留至少 5% 空闲空间。
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
The Fedora release includes several live ISO images in addition to the traditional installation images. These ISO images are bootable, and you can burn them to media and use them to try out Fedora. They also include a feature that allows you to install the Live image content to your hard drive for persistence and higher performance.
There are four Live images available for Fedora 8.
Fedora Live (i686, x86_64, ppc). This image includes the GNOME desktop environment, integrates all supported Fedora locales, and features a basic set of productivity applications. Only the i686 version fits on a CD. The x86_64 version has the same feature set and includes multilib packages.
Fedora KDE Live (i686, x86_64). This image includes the KDE desktop environment, with full support for English language only. Only the i686 version fits on a CD. The x86_64 version has the same feature set and includes multilib packages.
Fedora Developer Live (i686). This Live image is designed for software developers, and features the GNOME desktop environment. The toolkit includes the Eclipse integrated development environment, API documentation, and a variety of debugging and profiling utilities.
Fedora Electronic Lab (FEL) Live (i686). This Live image is designed for engineers working on electronics, and includes a toolkit for electronic component design and simulation. The image fits on a CD.
要从 Live 镜像启动,插入 CD 并重启机器。要登录并使用桌面环境,输入用户名 Fedora
。提示密码时按下回车,因为此用户没有密码。这份 Live 镜像不会自动登录,从而使用户有机会选择首选语言。登录后,如果想把 live 镜像上的内容安装到硬盘上,请单击桌面图标 Install to Hard Drive。
![]() |
不支持 i586 |
---|---|
i686 Live 镜像不能在 i586 系统中启动。 |
另一种使用 Live 镜像的方法是把其中的内容放进 USB 中。要这样做,首先安装开发仓库中的 livecd-tools 软件包,然后运行 livecd-iso-to-stick 脚本:
/usr/bin/livecd-iso-to-disk /path/to/live.iso /dev/sdb1
使用你想安装镜像的分区替代 /dev/sdb1
。
这个过程并不会毁掉USB介质中的数据,你的USB中现有的数据仍然
以下列出的是使用Live镜像安装和常规安装方式的几点区别。
由于Live镜像中的密码是空白的,
NetworkManager is enabled by default in both GNOME and KDE based Live images.
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
下列章节包含了在 Fedora 7 中发生了重要变化的软件包的相关信息。为了方便查找,以安装程序使用的分类进行组织。
The cryptsetup-luks package has been renamed to cryptsetup.
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
This section covers changes and important information regarding the 2.6.23 based kernel in Fedora 8. The 2.6.23 kernel includes:
Tickless support for x86 64-bit systems (32-bit was added previously), which greatly improves power management.
实时内核项目的一些元素。
The kernel spec file is now named
kernel.spec
rather than
kernel-2.6.spec
.
The kernel spec file has new macros that ease the kernel building process. Refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/CustomKernel for further information.
The kernel in Fedora 8 no longer loads modules by default
for ISA sound cards. Load the module by hand using the command
modprobe module-name, or put an entry in
/etc/modprobe.conf
. For example, for the
Creative SoundBlaster AWE64, add the following entry:
install snd-sbawe
Fedora 可能包含了附加的补丁,来改进,修正或添加附加特性。因此,Fedora 内核与被称为纯正(vanilla kernel)的,来自 kernel.org 网站的内核不是完全相同的。
要获得这些补丁的列表,下载源 RPM 软件包,运行下列命令:
rpm -qpl kernel-<version>.src.rpm
软件包修订记录可以用下列命令看到:
rpm -q --changelog kernel-<version>
如果您希望看到更友好的修订日志,请访问 http://wiki.kernelnewbies.org/LinuxChanges 。http://kernel.org/git提供了内核不同之处的摘要和完全两种版本。Fedora 基于 Linus 的内核树。
Fedora 版本做出的定制可以在 http://cvs.fedoraproject.org 找到。
Fedora 8 includes the following kernel builds:
Native kernel, for use in most systems. Configured sources are available in the kernel-devel package.
The kernel-PAE, for use in 32-bit x86 systems with more than 4GB of RAM, or with CPUs that have an NX (No eXecute) feature. This kernel support both uniprocessor and multi-processor systems. Configured sources are available in the kernel-PAE-devel package.
Virtualization kernel for use with the Xen emulator package. Configured sources are available in the kernel-xen-devel package.
The kdump kernel for use with kexec/kdump capabilities. Configured sources are available in the kernel-kdump-devel package.
You may install kernel headers for all kernel flavors at the same
time. The files are installed in the /usr/src/kernels/
tree. Use the following command: version
[-PAE|-xen|-kdump]-arch
/
su -c 'yum install kernel{,-PAE,-xen,-kdump}-devel'
选择一个或多个变种,以逗号分隔,不要有空格。在提示时输入系统管理员密码。
![]() |
带 Kdump 的32位内核 |
---|---|
32 位内核现在可以重置,所以包含了kdump功能特性。64位系统仍然需要安装-kdump内核。 |
![]() |
默认内核提供了 SMP |
---|---|
Fedora 7 没有单独的 SMP 内核,无论是 i386, x86_64 还是 ppc64。基本内核提供了多处理器支持。 |
![]() |
PowerPC 内核支持 |
---|---|
Fedora 7 没有为 PowerPC 体系提供 Xen 或 Kdump 支持。32位的PPC系统仍然有单独的SMP内核。 |
请参考 http://kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html 中,报告 Linux 内核错误时的注意事项。您也可以访问 http://bugzilla.redhat.com 来报告针对 Fedora 的错误。
Fedora 8 does not include the kernel-source package provided by older versions since only the kernel-devel package is required now to build external modules. Configured sources are available, as described 第 9.3 节 “内核配置”.
![]() |
定制内核 |
---|---|
要了解更多关于内核开发以及内核定制,请访问 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/CustomKernel.。 |
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
本节详述影响 Fedora 图形桌面用户的改变。
This release features GNOME 2.20.
GNOME 欢迎屏幕被上游开发者禁止了。要启用它,使用 gconf-editor 或下面的命令:
gconftool-2 --set /apps/gnome-session/options/show_splash_screen --type bool true
本次发布中,锁定屏幕对话框并未连接到指定的屏幕保护程序。要启用它,使用 gconf-editor 或下面的命令:
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-screensaver/lock_dialog_theme "system"
This release features KDE 3.5.6.
Fedora 8 does not include the KDE 4 Desktop because the currently available prerelease versions are not ready for daily use. It does include the KDE 4 Development Platform, which can be used to develop, build, and run KDE 4 applications within KDE 3 or any other desktop environment. See the Development section for more details about what is included.
Fedora的这次发行包含了当前流行的Firefox网页浏览器 的 2.0版本,更多关于Firefox 请参阅
Fedora includes an experimental free and open source implementation of Flash called gnash. We encourage you to experiment with gnash before seeking out Adobe's proprietary Flash plugin software.
To install Adobe Flash plugin follow this procedure:
Visit Adobe's download site.
Choose option 3,
.Follow onscreen prompts to install the package.
Launch
→ .Choose the Search tab and enter
flash-plugin
.
Select the checkbox to install the package.
Close all Firefox windows, and then launch Firefox again.
Type about:plugins
in the URL bar
to ensure the plugin is loaded.
Users of Fedora x86_64 must install the nspluginwrapper.i386 package to enable the 32-bit Adobe Flash plugin in x86_64 Firefox.
Create the 32bit mozilla plugin directory using this command:
su -c 'mkdir -p /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins'
Install the nspluginwrapper.i386, nspluginwrapper.x86_64, and pulseaudio-lib.i386 packages:
su -c "yum -y install nspluginwrapper.{i386,x86_64} pulseaudio-lib.i386"
Install flash-plugin as shown above.
Run mozilla-plugin-config to register the flash plugin:
su -c 'mozilla-plugin-config -i -g -v'
Close all Firefox windows, and then relaunch Firefox.
Type about:plugins
in the URL bar
to ensure the plugin is loaded.
软件包 mail-notification 被拆分。Evolution 插件位于单独的软件包中,称为 mail-notification-evolution-plugin。升级 mail-notification 软件包时,会自动添加它。
本次发布包含 Thunderbird 版本 2.0,它包括重大的性能提升,文件夹视图改进以及更好的邮件通知。
本次 Fedora 发布包含了一套称为 "Liberation" 的字体。它与互联网上一些常用的专有字体尺寸相当。使用这些字体,用户可以在跨平台查看/打印某些文档时获得更好的效果。将来版本的字体将包含完整的提示(full hinted)。
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
Fedora 8 provides basic support for encrypted swap partitions and
non-root file systems. To use it, add entries to
/etc/crypttab
and reference the created devices in
/etc/fstab
.
![]() |
在安装中不支持加密文件系统 |
---|---|
安装后再启用文件系统加密。Anaconda 安装程序不支持创建加密的块设备。 |
范例: 交换分区在 /etc/crypttab
中的条目:
my_swap /dev/sdb1 /dev/urandom swap,cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256
This command creates an encrypted block device
/dev/mapper/my_swap
, which can be referenced in
/etc/fstab
. The next example shows an entry for a
filesystem volume:
my_volume /dev/sda5 /etc/volume_key cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256
文件 /etc/volume_key
包含明文的密钥。或者,如果指定密钥文件名为 none
,系统在启动时将询问密钥。
The recommended method is to use LUKS for file system
volumes. If you are using LUKS you can drop the
cipher=
declaration in
/etc/crypttab
).
Create the encrypted volume using cryptsetup luksFormat.
Add the necessary entry to /etc/crypttab
.
Set up the volume manually using cryptsetup luksOpen or reboot.
Create a filesystem on the encrypted volume.
Set up an entry in /etc/fstab
.
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
本节是关于电邮服务器和邮件转发代理(MTAs)。
默认情况下, Sendmail 邮件传输代理 (MTA) 不接受本地计算机之外的连接。要配置 Sendmail 作为服务器,编辑 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
并修改 DAEMON_OPTIONS
侦听网络设备,或者用 dnl
注释掉这一行。然后安装 sendmail-cf 软件包,重新生成 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
,运行下面的命令:
su -c 'yum install sendmail-cf' su -c 'make -C /etc/mail'
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
这一节覆盖了各种开发工具和特性。
This release of Fedora has been built with GCC 4.1.2, which is included with the distribution.
This release of Fedora includes Fedora Eclipse, based on the Eclipse SDK version 3.3.0. You can read the "New and Noteworthy" page for the 3.3.x series of releases can be accessed at http://download.eclipse.org/eclipse/downloads/drops/R-3.3-2007-06251500/whatsnew/eclipse-news.html. Release notes specific to 3.3.0 are available at http://www.eclipse.org/eclipse/development/readme_eclipse_3.3.html.
The Eclipse SDK is known variously as "the Eclipse Platform," "the Eclipse IDE," and "Eclipse." The Eclipse SDK is the foundation for the combined release of twenty-one Eclipse projects under the Callisto combined release umbrella (http://www.eclipse.org/europa). A few of these Europa projects are included in Fedora:
CDT (http://www.eclipse.org/cdt, for C/C++ development;
GEF (http://www.eclipse.org/gef), the Graphical Editing Framework; and
Mylyn (http://www.eclipse.org/mylyn), a task-focused UI for Eclipse, along with task connectors for Bugzilla and Trac.
Other Eclipse projects available in Fedora include:
Subclipse (http://subclipse.tigris.org/), for integrating Subversion version control;
PyDev (http://pydev.sf.net), for developing in Python; and
PHPeclipse (http://www.phpeclipse.de/), for developing in PHP.
欢迎参加更多的项目的软件打包以及用 GCJ 测试项目。通过 fedora-devel-java-list 邮件列表和freenode上的#fedora-java頻道联系感兴趣的项目团体(http://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/fedora-devel-java-list/)·
Fedora also includes plugins and features that are particularly useful to FLOSS hackers, ChangeLog editing with eclipse-changelog, and Bugzilla interaction with eclipse-mylyn-bugzilla. Our CDT package, eclipse-cdt, includes a snapshot release of work to integrate with the GNU Autotools.
这些项目的最新信息可以在 Fedora Eclipse Project 网页http://sourceware.org/eclipse/找到。
Fedora Eclipse allows non-root
users to make use of the
Update Manager functionality for installing non-packaged
plugins and features. Such plugins are installed in the user's
home directory under the .eclipse
directory. Please
note, however, that these plugins do not have associated
GCJ-compiled bits and may therefore run slower than expected.
The Fedora free JREs do not satisfy every user, so Fedora does allow the installation of alternative JREs. A caveat exists, however, for installing proprietary JREs on 64-bit machines.
The 64-bit JNI libraries shipped by default on x86_64 systems in Fedora do not run on 32-bit JREs. In other words, do not try to run Fedora's x86_64 Eclipse packages on Sun's 32-bit JRE. They fail in confusing ways. Either switch to a 64-bit proprietary JRE, or install the 32-bit version of the packages, if available. To install a 32-bit version, use the following command:
yum install <package_name>.i386
同样,ppc64 系统默认的 32 位 JNI 库不能在 64 位 JRE 中运行。要安装 64 位版本,执行下面的命令:
yum install <package_name>.ppc64
Fedora 8 includes KDE 4.0 (beta) development libraries. The following new packages are provided:
kdelibs4: KDE 4 libraries
kdepimlibs: KDE 4 PIM libraries
kdebase4: KDE 4 core runtime files
Use these packages to develop, build and run KDE 4 applications within KDE 3 or any other desktop environment.
The kdebase4 package also includes a beta version of the Dolphin file manager as a technology preview. Note that although Dolphin currently fails to start up when run from the KDE 3 menu, it works when run from Konsole. Other issues may exist as well. If you need a stable version of Dolphin, please install the d3lphin package, which is based on KDE 3 and can be safely installed alongside kdebase4.
These packages are designed to:
comply with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), and
be completely safe to install in parallel with KDE 3, including the -devel packages.
In order to achieve this, Fedora KDE SIG members made 2 changes to the -devel packages:
The library symlinks are installed to /usr/lib/kde4/devel
or
/usr/lib64/kde4/devel
, depending on
system architecture.
The kconfig_compiler and makekdewidgets tools have been renamed kconfig_compiler4 and makekdewidgets4, respectively.
These changes should be completely transparent to the vast majority of KDE 4 applications that use cmake to build, since FindKDE4Internal.cmake has been patched to match these changes.
Note that kdebase4 does not include the KDE 4 Desktop package kdebase-workspace and its components such as Plasma and KWin version 4. The kdebase-workspace package is still too incomplete and unstable for daily use and would conflict with KDE 3.
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
这一章记述 Fedora 的安全措施。
对 Fedora 中各种主动的安全特性的一般介绍,当前状态和策略可以在 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Security 看到。
新的 SELinux 项目页面包括排错提示,解释,以及到文档和参考内容的链接。一些有用的链接如下:
新的 SELinux 项目页面: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux
SELinux 命令列表: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SELinux/Commands
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
This release of Fedora includes the IcedTea environment. IcedTea is a build harness for Sun's OpenJDK code that replaces encumbered parts of OpenJDK with Free Software replacements. IcedTea provides a more complete, compatible environment than GCJ, including support for building and running bytecode up to the 1.6 level. Users of IcedTea should be aware of a few caveats:
There is no ppc
or
ppc64
support. Users of ppc and ppc64
systems should continue to use GCJ.
There is no support for the Java sound APIs.
There are a few missing cryptographic algorithms.
The Fedora IcedTea packages also include an adaptation of gcjwebplugin that runs untrusted applets safely in a web browser. The plugin is packaged as java-1.7.0-icedtea-plugin.
The gcjwebplugin adaptation has no support for the bytecode-to-Javascript bridge, so applets that rely on this bridge will not work.
The gcjwebplugin adaptation has no support for signed applets. Signed applets will run in untrusted mode.
The gcjwebplugin security policy may be
overly restrictive. To enable restricted applets, run
firefox -g in a terminal window to see what
is being restricted, then grant the restricted permission in
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-icedtea-1.7.0.0/jre/lib/security/java.policy
.
This release of Fedora includes java-gcj-compat. The java-gcj-compat collection includes a tool suite and execution environment that is capable of building and running many useful programs that are written in the Java programming language.
java-gcj t包含三个组件: GNU Java 运行时环境 (libgcj),Eclipse Java 编译器 (ecj),以及一些包装和链接 (java-gcj-compat),使得运行时和编译器以类似其他 Java 环境的方式来呈现。
包含在 Fedora 本次发布中的 Java 软件使用新的集成的 java-gcj-compat 环境。这些软件包包括 OpenOffice.org Base, Eclipse, 和 Apache Tomcat。请参考 Java FAQ http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/JavaFAQ。
![]() |
在错误报告中包含位置和版本信息 |
---|---|
在提交错误报告时,包含这些命令的输出: which java && java -version && which javac && javac -version |
除了 java-gcj-compat 自由软件工具链之外,Fedora 允许您安装多种 Java 实现,并使用 alternatives 命令行工具自由切换。但是,您安装的各种 Java 系统必须都是根据 JPackage Project 的策略打包的,使 alternatives 发挥作用。当这些软件包都正确安装后,root
用户可以在 java 和 javac 环境间切换,运行 alternatives 命令:
alternatives --config java alternatives --config javac
A simpler way to switch Java alternatives is using the sytsem-switch-java tool included in Fedora.
Fedora 包含很多来自 JPackage Project 的软件包,那是一个 Java 软件仓库。Fedora 中这些软件都经过修改,以避免依赖于专有软件,并利用 GCJ 的先进的编译功能。使用 Fedora 仓库来更新这些软件包,使用 JPackage 仓库更新其他 Fedora 未提供的软件包。请参考 JPackage 网站 http://jpackage.org 有关网站和它提供的软件包的信息。
![]() |
混合 Fedora 和 JPackage 的软件包 |
---|---|
在相同系统中安装 Fedora 和 JPackage 仓库的软件包前要查明软件包相容性。不相容的软件包会造成复杂的问题。 |
参阅最新的Eclipse 发行注记,http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/Devel/Tools/Eclipse.
Fedora发行中包含了maven2,这是一个Java的项目管理和规划的工具。可以使用 mvn和mvn-jpp命令来调用它。前一个命令调用的Maven就像以前版本的Maven,而后一个调用则是带有附加特性的Maven,它使得离线 make 更简单。
Fedora中的maven2软件包经过修改,它能完全在工作在离线模式下。在没有附加特性的调用(mvn 命令)时,maven2就和以前的Maven有一样的特性。
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
Fedora Core 包含了各种多媒体相关的应用程序,包括播放,录制和编辑程序。附加的软件包可以在 Fedora 软件仓库找到。请访问
Fedora 的默认安装包含 Rhythmbox 和 Totem 执行媒体播放。Fedora 软件仓库中包含更多其他程序,例如 XMMS 播放器和 KDE 的 amaroK
Fedora 充分使用了高级 Linux 音频体系 (ALSA) 系统。多个程序可以同时播放音频,这在 Linux 系统中一度是无法做到的。如果所有多媒体软件都配置为使用 ALSA 实现音频支持,过去的限制将不复存在。请参阅此项目的网站获取更多信息: http://www.alsa-project.org/。多用户登录时仍可能有问题。取决于硬件和软件配置,多用户也许不能同时使用声卡硬件。
Fedora 包含了对 Ogg 媒体容器格式的完整支持,包括 Vorbis 音频,Theora 视频,Speex 音频和 FLAC 无损音频格式。这些可以自由发布的格式不受专利或许可限制的威胁,提供了强大而灵活的替代方案。Fedora Project 鼓励使用这些开源格式,代替有限制的那些。更多信息请访问 Xiph.Org 基金会的网站: http://www.xiph.org/.。
Fedora Core 和 Fedora Extras 不能包含支持 MP3 或 DVD 的播放或录制的支持。MP3 格式受专利保护,而专利持有人没有提供足够许可。DVD 视频格式受专利保护,还有一套加密方案。专利所有人没有提供足够许可,并且解密 CSS 加密盘片的代码可能违反了数字千年版权法案,美国的一个版权法案。Fedora 也排除由于专利、版权或许可限制无法包含的软件,例如 Adobe 的 Flash 播放器,Real Media 的 Real 播放器。相关内容请访问 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems。
在各种 MP3 方案之外,Fluendo 为用户提供了自由的 MP3 插件及其使用许可。插件配合 GStreamer 使用,所有以 GStreamer 为后端的应用程序都将支持 MP3。Fedora 不包含此插件,我们推荐使用无专利限制的开放格式。关于插件的更多信息,请访问 Fluendo 网站
Fedora 软件仓库包含一系列工具,用于简化烧录 CD 和 DVD。GNOME 用户可以在 Nautilus 文件管理器中直接烧录,或者选择gnomebaker 或 graveman 软件包,或者 Fedora 中较旧的 xcdroast
软件包。KDE 用户可以使用稳定的 k3b 软件包。终端工具包括 cdrecord, readcd, mkisofs, 和其他流行的应用程序。
您可以使用 Fedora 来创建和回放屏幕录像(screencasts)istanbulhttp://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ScreenCasting
Fedora 软件仓库中的大多数媒体播放器都可以通过插件,支持其他媒体格式和声音输出方式。一些程序使用强大的后端 gstreamer
来处理媒体格式支持和声音输出。Fedora 软件仓库 包含了针对这些后端和应用程序的插件软件包,更多软件包可以在第三方仓库找到,实现更多功能。
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
Fedora Core 和 Fedora Extras 提供了一系列游戏,包含各种类型。Fedora 默认包含一小部分,隶属于 GNOME(gnome-games) 和 KDE(kdegames)。Fedora Extra提供了更多的各种类型的游戏。
Fedora Project 网站有一个介绍游戏的专区,记录了很多已有的游戏,包括了简介和安装指导,更多信息请参考 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Games。
要获取可以安装的游戏列表,使用Pirut graphical·utility ( ),或者通过命令行:
yum groupinfo "Games and Entertainment"
要获取使用 yum 安装分类游戏软件包的帮助,请参考:
http://docs.fedoraproject.org/yum/
Fedora 7 中包含了Nazghul的姊妹游戏Haxima,这个游戏使用 0.5.6 版本的Nazghul游戏引擎。这款游戏不能兼容从先前版本Nazghul游戏的存档,所以在升级到Fedora 7 后Haxima游戏玩家不得不从新开始游戏。
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
Virtualization in Fedora 8 supports both Xen and KVM virtualization
platforms. The libvirt
API
and its corresponding tools, virt-manager
and virsh, have been updated to support both KVM
and Xen. Users can choose which virtualization platform to install,
and use the same tools without regard to that choice.
Xen in Fedora 8 is based on version 3.1.0.
KVM in Fedora 8 is based on version 36-2.
For more information on the differences between Xen and KVM, refer to http://virt.kernelnewbies.org/TechComparison. For more information on installing and using virtualization in Fedora 8, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Fedora8VirtQuickStart.
The following improvements have been made in the virtualization packages in Fedora 8:
Secure remote management of guest domains. Features include:
Secure remote management of guest VM lifecycle
Secure remote access to the guest virtual consoles
For more information on secure remote management, refer to http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureVirtSecurity.
Introduction of Virt Viewer, a lightweight, minimal UI for interacting with the graphical console of virtual machines. Virt Viewer serves as a replacement for vncviewer.
The LibVNCServer
implementation has been removed from Xen and replaced with
QEMU.
Introduction of GTK-VNC, a GTK widget which provides a VNC client. For more information on GTK-VNC refer to http://gtk-vnc.sourceforge.net/.
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
这一节包含了与 Fedora 的 X 窗口系统实现有关的信息。
X 服务器 X.org 7.2 被改进,可以自动探测和配置大多数硬件。用户和系统管理员不需要再修改 /etc/X11/xorg.conf
文件。Anaconda 安装程序在 xorg.conf
中配置的硬件只包括:
显卡驱动
键盘映射
所有其他设备,如显示器(包括 LCD 和 CRT),USB 鼠标,以及触摸板都可以自动探测和配置。
X 服务器向显示器查询所支持的分辨率范围,然后尝试选择正确的宽高比例中,最高的分辨率。用户可以在
→ → 中设置首选分辨率,而系统默认分辨率可以在 → → 中设置。如果 /etc/X11/xorg.conf
配置文件不存在,X 仍然会自动探测合适的驱动,并且假设键盘是 105 键布局。
Fedora 7 包含两种 Intel 集成显卡驱动:
默认是 i810
驱动,支持 Intel 图形芯片中,直到 i945 和 i965 的那些。
实验中的 intel
驱动,支持的 Intel 图形芯片直到 i945。
驱动 i810
可使用的分辨率只有 BIOS 中包括的那些。如果您需要使用一些非标准分辨率,例如宽屏显示,可以尝试 intel
驱动。使用 system-config-display 切换分辨率,这个工具的位置是 → → 。
欢迎对实验的 intel
测试并反馈。请将成功应用的情况报告到 Bugzilla,并将完整的 lspci -vn 的输出作为附件。有了成功应用的报告,更多芯片就可以默认换用 intel
驱动了。
如果你想使用第三方的显卡驱动,请参阅Xorg关于第三方显卡驱动的网页,那里有详细的指导:
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
Fedora now provides MySQL 5.0.45. For a list of the enhancements provided by this version, refer to http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/mysql-5-0-nutshell.html.
从过去版本的 MySQL 数据库升级,请参考 MySQL 网站文档 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/upgrade.html。
MySQL DBD驱动已经有双重许可证,监听相关的问题也已经解决。(https://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=222237)。apr-util-mysql软件包现在包含在 Fedora 软件仓库中。
This release of Fedora includes PostgreSQL 8.2.4. For more information on this new version, refer to http://www.postgresql.org/docs/whatsnew.
![]() |
升级数据库 |
---|---|
Before upgrading an existing Fedora system with a PostgreSQL database, it could be necessary to follow the procedure described at http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.2/interactive/install-upgrading.html. Otherwise the data may be not accessible by the new version of PostgreSQL. |
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
这一节包含 Fedora 中多语种支持相关的信息。
Localization (translation) of Fedora is coordinated by the Fedora Localization Project.
Internationalization of Fedora is maintained by the Fedora I18n Project.
要从语言组安装附加语种支持,通过使用Pirut,或者运行命令:
或者su -c 'yum groupinstall <language>-support'
在上面的命令中,<language>
是下列之一: assamese
, bengali
, chinese
, gujarati
, hindi
,·japanese
, kannada
, korean
, malayalam
, marathi
,· oriya
, punjabi
, sinhala
,·tamil
, thai
,·or telegu
.
从先前版本的 Fedora 升级到 Fedora 7 的用户应当安装 scim-bridge-gtk,它能很好兼容那些使用老版本 libstdc++
的第三方 C++ 程序。
To add SCIM support to input a particular language, install
scim-lang-LANG
,
where LANG
is one of
assamese
, bengali
,
chinese
, dhivehi
,
farsi
, gujarati
,
hindi
, japanese
,
kannada
, korean
,
latin
, malayalam
,
marathi
, oriya
,
punjabi
, sinhalese,
tamil
, telugu
,
thai
, or tibetan
.
This release features Transifex, a new tool designed to facilitate contributing translations to projects hosted on remote and disparate version control systems. Core packages in this release use Transifex to receive translations from numerous contributors.
Through a combination of new Web tools, community growth, and better processes, translators can now contribute directly to any upstream project through one translator-oriented Web interface. Developers of projects with no existing translation community can easily reach out to Fedora's established community for translations. In turn, translators can reach out to numerous projects related to Fedora to easily contribute translations.
Fonts for Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and some Indic scripts are now installed by default. The following changes also appear in Fedora 8:
The baekmuk-ttf-fonts and baekmuk-bdf-fonts packages have been split out of fonts-korean. The baekmuk-ttf-fonts package provides four subpackages for Batang, Dotum, Gulim and Headline typefaces.
the cjkunifonts-fonts package has been split out of fonts-chinese into two subpackages for the Uming and Ukai faces.
The lohit-fonts package has been split out of fonts-indic.
The sazanami-fonts package has been split out of fonts-japanese into two subpackages for the Gothic and Mincho faces.
The wqy-bitmap-fonts package is now installed by default with Chinese support.
The user interface of im-chooser has been improved to be simpler and easier to understand.
The core SCIM packages are now installed by default, but the
input method only starts by default on desktops running in an
Asian locale. The current list is: as
,
bn
, gu
,
hi
, ja
,
kn
, ko
,
ml
, mr
,
ne
, or
,
pa
, si
,
ta
, te
,
th
, ur
,
vi
, zh
). You
can use im-chooser via → → → to enable
or disable SCIM on your desktop, or to select other installed
input methods. To activate SCIM on your desktop by default In a
non-Asian locale, set → in
im-chooser and restart your desktop
session.
一下是各种语言的默认切换快捷键表:
语言 | 触发热键 |
---|---|
全部 | Ctrl+空格 |
日文 | Zenkaku_Hankaku·or·Alt+` |
韩文 | 上档+空格·or·Hangul |
This release adds support for the
nabi
input method for Korean
Hangul.
![]() |
网上最新的发行注记 |
---|---|
这些发行注记也许已被更新。请访问 http://docs.fedoraproject.org/release-notes/ 来查看最新的 Fedora 发行注记。 |
Fedora 包含兼容旧软件包的过时系统库。这些软件属于Legacy Software Development组,默认不被安装。需要这些功能的用户可以在安装时选择这个组,或者安装后再补充。要在Fedora系统上安装一个软件组,使用 → (Pirut),或者在终端下执行下面的命令:
su -c 'yum groupinstall "Legacy Software Development"'
提示时输入 root
密码。
软件包 compat-gcc-34 包含在内,以处理兼容性问题:
https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-devel-list/2006-August/msg00409.html
关于自前一版本以来的软件包更新列表,请参考·http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs/Beats/PackageChanges/UpdatedPackages。您还可以在 http://distrowatch.com/fedora 看到所有 Fedora 每一版的主要软件包对比。
Fedora Project 的目标是与 Linux 社区一同构造一个完整的,通用的操作系统,且仅由开源软件构成。开发是以开放方式进行的。Fedora Project 计划按一定的时间发布 Fedora ,大约每年 2 次,可以查看公开的日程表http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/Schedule。Red Hat 工程师团队一直参与到构建 Fedora 过程中,同时邀请并鼓励更多其他人参与其中。通过使用这种更开放的过程,我们希望可以提供一个更加贴近自由软件理想,同时更受开源社区欢迎的操作系统。更多信息请访问 http://fedoraproject.org.
Fedora 项目是由贡献者推动的。作为测试者,开发者,文档作者或翻译人员,您能让它与众不同。请访问 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Join 。关于 Fedora 用户与贡献者的交流通道,请访问 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate。
在网站之外,还可以使用下列邮件列表:
fedora-list@redhat.com , Fedora 发行版的用户邮件列表
fedora-test-list@redhat.com - Fedora Core 发行版的测试人员
fedora-devel-list@redhat.com - 针对开发者
fedora-docs-list@redhat.com - 文档项目的参与者
要订阅任何邮件列表,以 "subscribe" 为主题,发送邮件到 <listname>-request
, where <listname>
, 这里 <listname>
是上面邮件列表的名字之一。或者,也可以在网页上订阅,位置是 http://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/。
Fedora Project 也使用多个 IRC (Internet Relay Chat) 频道。IRC 是一个实时的,文本的交流形式。使用 IRC,您可以在一个开放的频道中与多人同时会话,也可以私下一对一地与某个人交谈。要通过 IRC 与其他 Fedora Project 贡献者,首先连接到 Freenode IRC 网络。请参考 Freenode 网站上的指引,位置是 http://www.freenode.net/。
Fedora Project 参与者通常访问 Freenode 网络的 #fedora 频道,而 Fedora Project 开发者总可以在 #fedora-devel
频道找到。一些大型项目也会有自己的频道;可以在项目网站找到,还可以访问网页 ulink url="http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate">http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate
为了在 #fedora 频道交谈,您需要注册一个昵称 (nick)。当您第一次 /join 这个频道时,将看到指令。
![]() |
IRC 频道 |
---|---|
Fedora Project 和 Red Hat 对 Fedora Project IRC 频道及其内容没有控制权。 |
我们使用 colophon (题署)这个词的含义在于:
承认贡献者的努力,同时提供负责制度,以及
解释工具及创建过程。
Amanpreet Singh Alam (translator - Punjabi)
Andrew Martynov (translator - Russian)
Andrew Overholt (beat contributor)
Anthony Green (beat writer)
Brandon Holbrook (beat contributor)
Bob Jensen (beat writer)
Chris Lennert (beat writer)
Dave Malcolm (beat writer)
David Eisenstein (beat writer)
David Woodhouse (beat writer)
Deepak Bhole (beat contributor)
Diego Burigo Zacarao (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Dimitris Glezos (translator - Greek, tools)
Domingo Becker (translator - Spanish)
Francesco Tombolini (translator - Italian)
Gavin Henry (beat writer)
Hugo Cisneiros (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Igor Miletic (translator - Serbian)
Jeff Johnston (beat contributor)
Jens Petersen (beat writer)
Jesse Keating (beat contributor)
Joe Orton (beat writer)
Jose Nuno Coelho Pires (translator - Portuguese)
Josh Bressers (beat writer)
Karsten Wade (beat writer, editor, co-publisher)
Kyu Lee (beat contributor)
Licio Fonseca (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Luya Tshimbalanga (beat writer)
Magnus Larsson (translator - Swedish)
Martin Ball (beat writer)
Maxim Dziumanenko (translator - Ukrainian)
Nikos Charonitakis (translator - Greek
Orion Poplawski (beat contributor)
Patrick Barnes (beat writer, editor)
Paul W. Frields (tools, editor)
Pawel Sadowski (translator - Polish)
Patrick Ernzer (beat contributor)
Rahul Sundaram (beat writer, editor)
Sam Folk-Williams (beat writer)
Sekine Tatsuo (translator - Japanese)
Simos Xenitellis (translator - Greek)
Steve Dickson (beat writer)
Teta Bilianou (translator - Greek)
ThomasCanniot (translator - French)
Thomas Gier (translator - German)
Thomas Graf (beat writer)
Tommy Reynolds (tools)
Valnir Ferreira Jr. (translator - Brazilian Portuguese)
Will Woods (beat contributor)
Yoshinari Takaoka (translator, tools)
Yuan Yijun (translator - Simplified Chinese)
Zhang Yang (translator - simplified Chinese)
... 以及大量的翻译人员。请参考发行注记的网络更新版本,发布后将包含译者名单。
区块作者直接在 Fedora 项目的 Wiki 中撰写发行注记。他们在 Fedora 测试过程中与其他同主题的专家合作,解释重要的变化和增强。编辑团队保证最终文档的一致性以及品质,然后将 Wiki 内容导出为 DocBook XML,存入版本控制仓库。其后,在翻译团队帮助下,生成其他版本的发行注记,将它们作为 Fedora 的一部分被公众获得。发布团队也生成它们以及后续的修正版本,供网络访问之用。